NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.
Engine complaints
31 reportsClear category filter100,000 miles · Nov 8, 2023
EngineEngine And Engine Cooling
The contact owns a 2011 BMW X3. The contact stated that upon starting the vehicle, the check engine warning light illuminated. The vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic, who informed the contact that the failure was due to the PCV. The local dealer was not contacted, but the vehicle was not diagnosed or repaired. The manu…
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The contact owns a 2011 BMW X3. The contact stated that upon starting the vehicle, the check engine warning light illuminated. The vehicle was taken to an independent mechanic, who informed the contact that the failure was due to the PCV. The local dealer was not contacted, but the vehicle was not diagnosed or repaired. The manufacturer was contacted, but no assistance was provided. The contact stated that the failure was related to NHTSA Campaign Number: 17V683000 (Engine and Engine Cooling). The approximate failure mileage was 100,000.
NHTSA ODI #11554213
Mileage unknown · Aug 30, 2023
Engine
Went to have hesitation when accelerating checked with my mechanic. This problem called for ignition coil and spark plugs to be replaced. During final test drive -- check engine light illuminated. Vehicle was scanned for stored fault codes. During this scan it was found faults for intake vanos not controllable. Inspected cam…
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Went to have hesitation when accelerating checked with my mechanic. This problem called for ignition coil and spark plugs to be replaced. During final test drive -- check engine light illuminated. Vehicle was scanned for stored fault codes. During this scan it was found faults for intake vanos not controllable. Inspected camshaft gears via bore-scope. Found vanos securing bolts to be broken. This was a recall issue on this particular model except for the engine that is in my vehicle. Feel as though this issue should be addressed for all vehicles that are this model. The recall was faults stored in DME, Vanos and camshaft position. I realize that BMW is not responsible for my particular vehicle but feel that someone should be looking at why ONLY this specific engine was not included?? I did have my mechanic fix the issue which incurred an expense of $2499. If this problem could be looked into further, I would appreciate your help. (I do have invoice from mechanic, but I don't know how to upload file.
NHTSA ODI #11541711
Mileage unknown · Apr 12, 2023
Engine
The bolts backed out of my camshaft (VANOS) adjustment units. The related "warranty (not a recall)" information is found here: https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2018/MC-10135011-9999.pdf. I purchased a 2011 X3 28i last May (2022) with ~110k miles, and there was no open recall information attached to the vehicle. Inspecting prior…
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The bolts backed out of my camshaft (VANOS) adjustment units. The related "warranty (not a recall)" information is found here: https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2018/MC-10135011-9999.pdf. I purchased a 2011 X3 28i last May (2022) with ~110k miles, and there was no open recall information attached to the vehicle. Inspecting prior service records the VANOS bolts were never replaced. After a few thousand miles the bolts backed out and sheared. BMW NA said it was out of warranty and would not be covered. There was no information found when searching the VIN for necessary repairs. I've seen 10+ reports in online forums in the past two years explaining they needed or got the repair and BMW NA told them it would not be covered. I don't understand how I was to know, or even the past owner (2nd owner, I'm the third), that this engine part failure would or could occur. If the "warranty (not a recall)" was recalled on other models it seems nefarious that a warning wouldn't be attached to the vehicles. The vehicle was inspected and passed, and then inspected by a indie BMW technician who used to work for BMW as well. The vehicle had repairs done, but even he did not suspect any engine issues. This issue is a matter of when and not if with the vehicles within the "warranty" time span. My request would be that BMW reopen the warranty or rightfully claim it a recall as it should have been in the beginning. I would appreciate any guidance on the matter. Thank you.
NHTSA ODI #11516731
Mileage unknown · Feb 6, 2023
Electrical SystemEngineUnknown Or OtherFire
I parked my vehicle in front of my house for the night after driving for only about 15-20 minutes. Maybe less. Roughly 3-4 hours later, I was alerted to my car being completely up in flames by the sounds of fire trucks / police sirens. Flames were 20-30 feet in the air coming from the engine compartment area. Fire department / p…
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I parked my vehicle in front of my house for the night after driving for only about 15-20 minutes. Maybe less. Roughly 3-4 hours later, I was alerted to my car being completely up in flames by the sounds of fire trucks / police sirens. Flames were 20-30 feet in the air coming from the engine compartment area. Fire department / police worked to extinguish the flames, but the vehicle is totally destroyed.
NHTSA ODI #11505918
Mileage unknown · Sep 16, 2021
Engine
Background •Per a letter sent out to the NHTSA on April 9, 2014 a recall was issued for several vehicles as the housing bolts for the vanos cams were deemed to be faulty and could loosen or shear off causing a stall. oNHTSA Campaign 14V176000 and all defect notices, recall acknowledgements, etc which are currently extant on the …
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Background •Per a letter sent out to the NHTSA on April 9, 2014 a recall was issued for several vehicles as the housing bolts for the vanos cams were deemed to be faulty and could loosen or shear off causing a stall. oNHTSA Campaign 14V176000 and all defect notices, recall acknowledgements, etc which are currently extant on the NHTSA website. Technical Service Bulletin SI B11 07 14 dated 10/14 oIncluded in this recall are X3 28i with engine type N52 manufactured between 1/2010 – 9/2011. oA 10-year extended warranty was issued for vehicles not specifically covered under the recall. oMy vehicle was manufactured and put into service 1/2011. oNo one to date has given a clear answer on why my VIN wasn’t listed as part of the recall. Incident •My wife and daughter were driving on the highway when the car stalled putting them in danger. They were able to pull off to the side without incident but were unable to start it again. •I had the car towed to BMW Fairfield where the team under Nate Sanchez diagnosed the issue. The was no check engine light, no drop in performance nor any indication at all that something was wrong before this happened. In fact, I had the car at Dave Parker’s Eurasian Autoworks for an AC diagnostic. They thoroughly checked the vehicle and could find no faults. oThe cause of failure was the bolts shearing off the Vanos cam, exactly as stated in the recall. oThe engine was inspected with an Otoscope and no additional engine damage was apparent. oTotal cost of the repair is estimated at $6100 Involving BMW NA Customer Service •Customer service was engaged to attempt to find a goodwill solution to the manufacturers defect. oCustomer service communication was spotty at best. When first I called, they told me that the car was covered under the extended warranty for the entirety of 2021. Upon the dealership calling, they were told that the warranty had expired. Throughout the process, deadlines for information were promised and then w
NHTSA ODI #11433251
81,000 miles · Feb 26, 2021
EnginePower TrainVehicle Speed Control
WHILE DRIVING ON A MOTORWAY AT MODERATE SPEEDS OF ABOUT 45 MPH, VEHICLE STARTED THROWING DYNAMIC STABILITY CONTROL, ENGINE CHECK LIGHT AND TRACTION CONTROL DEACTIVATION WARNINGS AND STARTED CUTTING OUT POWER TO THE WHEELS ALTHOUGH THE ENGINE CONTINUED TO IDLE SMOOTHLY. STRANDED ON THE MOTORWAY FOR A WHILE AND THEN AFTER SWITCHIN…
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WHILE DRIVING ON A MOTORWAY AT MODERATE SPEEDS OF ABOUT 45 MPH, VEHICLE STARTED THROWING DYNAMIC STABILITY CONTROL, ENGINE CHECK LIGHT AND TRACTION CONTROL DEACTIVATION WARNINGS AND STARTED CUTTING OUT POWER TO THE WHEELS ALTHOUGH THE ENGINE CONTINUED TO IDLE SMOOTHLY. STRANDED ON THE MOTORWAY FOR A WHILE AND THEN AFTER SWITCHING OFF AND SWITCHING ON THE IGNITION COUPLE OF TIMES, VEHICLE STARTED TO DRIVE FORWARD IN LIMP MODE. HAD TO PULL OVER FOR SAFETY AND TOWED THE VEHICLE TO A LOCAL MECHANIC SHOP. THEY SAID THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL FAILED AND STOPPED SENDING ANY SIGNALS TO ENGINE CONTROL UNIT. THEY REPLACED THE GAS PEDAL AND EVERYTHING SEEMS TO BE BACK TO NORMAL.
NHTSA ODI #11398090
60,000 miles · Nov 8, 2019
Electronic Stability Control (esc)EngineService Brakes
THE ERROR "CHASSIS STABILIZATION" POPPED UP WITH MULTIPLE LIGHTS ON THE INSTRUMENT GAUGE CLUSTER. STEERING, ACCELERATION, AND BRAKING WERE EFFECTED. AFTER BACKING OUT OF DRIVEWAY, MADE A SHARP RIGHT TURN AND WARNINGS APPEARED. THEY ALSO HAPPEN INTERMITTENTLY DURING DRIVING, MOST OFTEN IN THE FIRST 2 MINUTES OF DRIVING.
NHTSA ODI #11279058
63,000 miles · Apr 4, 2019
Engine
WATER PUMP AND THERMOSTAT HAVE FAILED AT 63,000 MILES. THAT IS AN EXTREMELY SHORT LIFE SPAN FOR THOSE ITEMS AND FROM GENERAL RESEARCH IT APPEARS THAT THIS IS A COMMON ISSUE WITH THESE VEHICLES.
NHTSA ODI #11193764
96,222 miles · Feb 25, 2019
EnginePower Train
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 BMW X3. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE TRANSMISSION MALFUNCTIONED WHEN SWITCHING FROM FIRST TO SECOND GEAR. AS A RESULT, THE VEHICLE SHOOK AND VIBRATED SEVERELY. DURING THE FAILURE, THE CHECK ENGINE AND POWER TRAIN MALFUNCTION INDICATORS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO EDISON OPEN ROAD BMW (731 US …
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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 BMW X3. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE TRANSMISSION MALFUNCTIONED WHEN SWITCHING FROM FIRST TO SECOND GEAR. AS A RESULT, THE VEHICLE SHOOK AND VIBRATED SEVERELY. DURING THE FAILURE, THE CHECK ENGINE AND POWER TRAIN MALFUNCTION INDICATORS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO EDISON OPEN ROAD BMW (731 US HIGHWAY 1, EDISON, NJ) TO BE DIAGNOSED, BUT THE CAUSE OF THE FAILURE WAS NOT DETERMINED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 96,222.
NHTSA ODI #11182248
96,750 miles · Nov 6, 2018
EnginePower TrainUnknown Or Other
EXPERIENCED DRIVE TRAIN MALFUNCTION WARNING ALONG WITH SHAKING AND LIMP MODE NUMEROUS TIMES WHICH RESULTED IN 2 REPAIRS LAST YEAR IN THE THOUSANDS ONLY TO FIND OUT IT WAS DUE TO THE CAM SHAFT BOLTS RECALL AT THE ROOT OF THE INITIAL CAUSE OF THE FAILURES THAT RESULTED. BMW WAS HESITANT TO PAY INITIALLY BUT MY HUSBAND IS A LITIGAT…
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EXPERIENCED DRIVE TRAIN MALFUNCTION WARNING ALONG WITH SHAKING AND LIMP MODE NUMEROUS TIMES WHICH RESULTED IN 2 REPAIRS LAST YEAR IN THE THOUSANDS ONLY TO FIND OUT IT WAS DUE TO THE CAM SHAFT BOLTS RECALL AT THE ROOT OF THE INITIAL CAUSE OF THE FAILURES THAT RESULTED. BMW WAS HESITANT TO PAY INITIALLY BUT MY HUSBAND IS A LITIGATION ATTORNEY AND ONCE HE GOT INVOLVED, THEY WERE QUICK IN DOING THE RIGHT THING. I AM CURRENTLY HAVING ISSUES WITH THE NO WARNING LIGHT SHOWING TO WARN ME OF A LOW COOLANT LEVEL. IT WAS NOT UNTIL AFTER SMOKE APPEARED FROM THE ENGINE AREA AND A BURNING SMELL THAT THE WARNING FINALLY APPEARED. I IMMEDIATELY STOPPED AND WAITED FOR IT COOL OFF & HAD COOLANT PUT IN, WARNING LIGHT DISAPPEARED. CURRENTLY SMELLING A BURNING SMELL AND HEARING A SQUEAKING NOISE SO HAVE A SERVICE SCHEDULED TOMORROW FOR THE VALVE HEATER RECALL AND HOPE BMW WILL ADDRESS ANY ISSUES STEMMING FROM THAT THAT MAY BE CAUSING OTHER ISSUES. ALSO TO REPORT, RARELY EVER USE THE GLOVE BOX YET THE CORNER OF THE GLOVE BOX HAS COME APART AND WILL NOT REATTACH. I SAW THIS HAS BEEN AN ISSUE REPORTED BY MANY BMW X-3 OWNERS AND I WILL BE EXPECTING BMW TO DO THE RIGHT THING AND PAY TO FIX THIS KNOWN DEFECT.
NHTSA ODI #11149713
Official recalls
4Oct 20, 2023
BMW of North America, LLC (BMW) is recalling certain 2010-2012 1 Series Coupe, 1 Series Convertible, 3 Series Sedan, 3 Series Convertible, 2010-2011 3 Series Sportswagon, 3 Series Coupe, 5 Series Sedan, X3 xDrive 28i, X3 xDrive 30i, X5 xDrive30i, and Z4 sDrive30i vehicles. The aluminum bolts that secure the housing for the variable camshaft timing adjustment (VANOS) unit can loosen over time and possibly break.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: Loose or broken VANOS unit bolts can result in an engine stall, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Dealers will replace the four VANOS bolts, free of charge. Interim letters notifying owners of the safety risk are expected to be mailed December 18, 2023. Owner notification letters were mailed June 19, 2024. Owners may contact BMW customer service at 1-800-525-7417.
Oct 30, 2017
BMW of North America, LLC (BMW) is recalling certain 2008-2011 128i and 2007-2011 328i, 328xi, 328i xDrive, 525i, 525xi, 528i, 528xi, 530i, 530xi, X3 3.0si, X3 xDrive30i, X5 xDrive30i, Z4 3.0i, Z4 3.0si and Z4 sDrive30i vehicles. The heater for the positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve may short circuit.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: An electrical short can cause the parts within the PCV valve to melt, increasing the risk of a fire, even when the vehicle is not in use.
Remedy: BMW will notify owners, and dealers will replace the PCV valve heater, free of charge. Interim letters were mailed on November 27, 2017. Owners will receive a second notification by the end of October 2018. Owners may contact BMW customer service at 1-800-525-7417.
May 23, 2016
BMW of North America, LLC (BMW) is recalling certain model year 2011-2017, X3 sDrive28i, X3 xDrive28i and X3 xDrive35i, vehicles manufactured July 2, 2010 to April 14, 2016, 2015-2017 X3 xDrive28d vehicles manufactured March 10, 2014 to March 31, 2016, and 2015-2017 x4 xDrive28i, X4 xDrive35i and X4 xDriveM40i vehicles manufactured March3, 2014 to April 15, 2016. The affected vehicles have lower anchor bars for securing child restraint seats that may become damaged when using the European-ISOFIX-type, rigid-style connector, child restraint system.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: Damaged lower anchor bars may increase the child's risk of injury in the event of a crash.
Remedy: BMW will notify owners, and dealers will weld a reinforcing bracket to the lower anchor bars and the vehicle body, free of charge. The recall began on July 13, 2016. Owners may contact BMW customer service at 1-800-525-7417.
Jun 29, 2011
BMW IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2011 X3 PASSENGER VEHICLES MANUFACTURED FROM APRIL 27, 2011, THROUGH JUNE 8, 2011. A CONTROL MODULE IN THE ELECTRIC POWER STEERING (EPS) UNIT MAY MALFUNCTION, RESULTING IN A SUDDEN LOSS OF POWER STEERING ASSISTANCE.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: SUDDEN LOSS OF POWER STEERING ASSISTANCE COULD INCREASE THE RISK OF A CRASH.
Remedy: BMW WILL NOTIFY OWNERS AND DEALERS WILL REPAIR THE VEHICLES FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL IS EXPECTED TO BEGIN DURING AUGUST 2011. OWNERS MAY CONTACT BMW CUSTOMER RELATIONS AND SERVICES AT 1-800-525-7417.
Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗
NHTSA investigations
1EA21002 · Desiccated Air Bag Inflator Rupture
Opened Sep 17, 2021 · No close date supplied
Status: open (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module; Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module
From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.
Additional source detail variants (2)
Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module
From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.
Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module
From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.