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2012 Toyota Tacoma

Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations

Similar to other model years

Owner complaints for the 2012 Toyota Tacoma do not stand out strongly from the model-year median of 228.5.

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When problems were reported

Mileage at the reported incident

261 reports with mileage · 34 unknown

NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.

What to inspect

Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.

  • Engine. Review the 122 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Fuel/propulsion System. Review the 52 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Power Train. Review the 35 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

16 crash reports0 fire reports6 injury reports

Steering complaints

12 reports
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Mileage unknown · May 22, 2025
Steering

While driving on the road truck locks up occassionally in a curve. i know of mulitple trucks its happening to and only in curves- will end up hurting someone if a fix for it isnt found - no one seems to know what is going on

NHTSA ODI #11662570

Mileage unknown · Aug 8, 2023
Steering

Sudden and total loss of power steering while backing up to park. There were/are no warning lights or messages displayed on the dashboard. With great difficulty, I was able to drive the car to my local mechanic. Steering was extremely difficult. The power steering unit has been ordered by my mechanic.

NHTSA ODI #11537242

34,200 miles · Mar 11, 2021
Steering

RECENTLY I HAVE NOTICED THE STEERING ON MY 2012 TACOMA IS HARDER THAT NORMAL AND NO LONGER RETURNS TO CENTER AFTER TURNING. UPON INVESTIGATING ONLINE AND VISUALLY INSPECTING MY TRUCK, THE INTERMEDIATE STEERING ROD LOWER BALL JOINT HAS FAILED! UPON VISUAL INSPECTION IT APPEARS THAT THE CUPS AND BEARING ARE DESTROYED . TOYOTA CO…

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RECENTLY I HAVE NOTICED THE STEERING ON MY 2012 TACOMA IS HARDER THAT NORMAL AND NO LONGER RETURNS TO CENTER AFTER TURNING. UPON INVESTIGATING ONLINE AND VISUALLY INSPECTING MY TRUCK, THE INTERMEDIATE STEERING ROD LOWER BALL JOINT HAS FAILED! UPON VISUAL INSPECTION IT APPEARS THAT THE CUPS AND BEARING ARE DESTROYED . TOYOTA CONSIDERS THIS A NORMAL WEAR ITEM!! THE TRUCK ONLY HAS 34,400 MILES ACTUALLY THIS IS A DANGEROUS SITUATION THAT WILL SOMEDAY RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH AND SHOULD BE TAKEN SERIOUSLY BY TOYOTA. IT APPEARS THAT MANY TOYOTA OWNERS ARE EXPERIENCING THE SAME ISSUE FOR MANY YEARS.

NHTSA ODI #11400328

75,000 miles · Mar 30, 2020
Steering

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 TOYOTA TACOMA. THE CONTACT STATED THAT AFTER MAKING A TURN, THE STEERING FAILED TO RETURN TO THE CENTER POSITION AUTOMATICALLY. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE STEERING CEASED IN THE TURNED POSITION. THE CONTACT STATED THAT ADDITIONAL EFFORT WAS NEEDED TO CORRECT THE FAILURE. VANDERSTYNE TOYOTA LOCATED AT…

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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2012 TOYOTA TACOMA. THE CONTACT STATED THAT AFTER MAKING A TURN, THE STEERING FAILED TO RETURN TO THE CENTER POSITION AUTOMATICALLY. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE STEERING CEASED IN THE TURNED POSITION. THE CONTACT STATED THAT ADDITIONAL EFFORT WAS NEEDED TO CORRECT THE FAILURE. VANDERSTYNE TOYOTA LOCATED AT (4374 W RIDGE RD, ROCHESTER, NY 14626, 585-225-6600) WAS CONTACTED AND INFORMED OF THE FAILURE. THE CONTACT WAS INFORMED THAT THE VEHICLE WAS NOT SUBJECTED TO A RECALL. THE VEHICLE WAS REPAIRED AT A COST OF $550 OUT OF POCKET. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE BUT OFFERED NO ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 75,000. *BF*JB

NHTSA ODI #11319698

104,000 miles · May 21, 2019
SteeringStructure

WHEEL VIBRATES AND SHUDDERS IN MOTION, STEERING WHEEL BECOMES STIFF, DIFFICULT TO TURN WHILE HIGHWAY DRIVING.(SEE ZH@ TOYOTA SUPPORT PROGRAM). PER BOBBY RAHAL, LEWISTOWN PA, UNIVERSAL SHAFT AFFECTED, CORROSION NOTED. CONTACTED TOYOTA, RECALLS ON SAME REPORTED ISSUES ONLY COVERED ON TACOMA'S FROM 2005-2011; THEY WILL NOT COVER T…

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WHEEL VIBRATES AND SHUDDERS IN MOTION, STEERING WHEEL BECOMES STIFF, DIFFICULT TO TURN WHILE HIGHWAY DRIVING.(SEE ZH@ TOYOTA SUPPORT PROGRAM). PER BOBBY RAHAL, LEWISTOWN PA, UNIVERSAL SHAFT AFFECTED, CORROSION NOTED. CONTACTED TOYOTA, RECALLS ON SAME REPORTED ISSUES ONLY COVERED ON TACOMA'S FROM 2005-2011; THEY WILL NOT COVER THE RECALLED SHAFT ASSEMBLY,UNIVERSAL JOINT AND HANGER FOR 2012 AS IT HAS NOT BEEN RECALLED AS OF YET. THEY WOULD RATHER HAVE LAWSUIT APPARENTLY FOR FAULTY SAFETY ISSUES

NHTSA ODI #11209074

101,673 miles · Dec 27, 2018
Steering

MY STEERING SHAFT ROTTED AND SEIZED. I TOOK IT TO A DEALER AND THEY REPAIRED IT BUT CHARGED ME $536.02 TO FIX IT. WHEN I RESEACHED RECALLS THERE WAS ONE ON 5/12/12. I AM ASKING FOR MY MONEY BACK FOR THIS REPAIR

NHTSA ODI #11163706

43,000 miles · Sep 5, 2018
SteeringSuspension

LOWER CONTROL ARM BALL JOINT GOES BAD ON BOTH SIDE CAUSE THE STEERING WHEEL TO VIBRATE.

NHTSA ODI #11124625

62,000 miles · Jul 29, 2017
Electrical SystemSteering

HORN QUIT WORKING, ONLY WORKS WHEN THE WHEEL IS TURNED TO THE LEFT, FUSES ARE GOOD AND SO ARE THE RELAYS.

NHTSA ODI #11011463

24,500 miles · Feb 3, 2015
Steering

WITHIN 5 MILES OF DRIVING AFTER HAVING NEW LT 265 70 17 TERRA GRAPPLER TIRES INSTALLED TRUCK BEGAN TO PULL FROM SIDE TO SIDE WHEN ON UNEVEN PAVEMENT .ALSO VERY HARD TO CONTROL AT HIGHER SPEED AS YOU GET ON ROUGH PAVEMENT.I COMPLAINED ONLY TO BE TOLD IT IS THE TRUCK AND NOT TIRES,HARD TO BELIEVE AS THE PREVIOUS SET OF TIRES RODE …

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WITHIN 5 MILES OF DRIVING AFTER HAVING NEW LT 265 70 17 TERRA GRAPPLER TIRES INSTALLED TRUCK BEGAN TO PULL FROM SIDE TO SIDE WHEN ON UNEVEN PAVEMENT .ALSO VERY HARD TO CONTROL AT HIGHER SPEED AS YOU GET ON ROUGH PAVEMENT.I COMPLAINED ONLY TO BE TOLD IT IS THE TRUCK AND NOT TIRES,HARD TO BELIEVE AS THE PREVIOUS SET OF TIRES RODE VERY NICE. *TR

NHTSA ODI #10680755

12,000 miles · Aug 21, 2013
Steering

I OWN 2012 TACOMA SPORT FROM 500MILES ON IT'S HAD A VIBRATION/SHAKE IN THE STEERING WHEEL AND SOMETIMES THROUGHOUT THE VEHICLE CAB. TOYOTA HAS BEEN UNABLE TO RESOLVE THIS ISSUE WITH ME A EVEN AFTER SPENDING MONEY OF MY OWN ON RE-BALANCING AND ALIGNMENT AND TRYING TO VIDEO TAPE THEY JUST HAVE EXCUSES AFTER EXCUSES.THEY SAY IT'S N…

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I OWN 2012 TACOMA SPORT FROM 500MILES ON IT'S HAD A VIBRATION/SHAKE IN THE STEERING WHEEL AND SOMETIMES THROUGHOUT THE VEHICLE CAB. TOYOTA HAS BEEN UNABLE TO RESOLVE THIS ISSUE WITH ME A EVEN AFTER SPENDING MONEY OF MY OWN ON RE-BALANCING AND ALIGNMENT AND TRYING TO VIDEO TAPE THEY JUST HAVE EXCUSES AFTER EXCUSES.THEY SAY IT'S NORMAL CALLED ROAD FEEDBACK OR THEY CLAIM THEY CANT SEE THE SHAKE IN THE VIDEOS I HAVE SENT THEM. I HOPE THIS COMPLAINT IS TAKING SERIOUSLY BEFORE SOMEONE DOES GET HURT OR KILLED, ITS SAD TO THINK THAT IT WOULD COME TO THAT BEFORE TOYOTA DOES SOMETHING AND OWNS UP TO THIS ISSUE EXISTING.I DO BELIEVE THIS IS A SAFETY ISSUE, WHEN PEOPLE SPEND THERE HARD EARNED MONEY ON A VEHICLE THEY SHOULDN'T HAVE TO HAVE THERE STEERING WHEEL SHAKE AND VIBRATIONS WITH THERE NEW PURCHASE. THANK YOU FOR TAKING THE TIME TO READ MY COMPLAINT, [XXX] INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6). *TR

NHTSA ODI #10536504

Official recalls

7

17V425000 · Equipment; Structure:body:hood:hinge And Attachments

Jul 3, 2017

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Equipment

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.

Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.

Structure:body:hood:hinge And Attachments

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2011-2016 Toyota Tacoma and 4Runner vehicles equipped with accessory hood scoops installed by SET or SET dealers. The adhesive attaching the hood scoop may weaken, allowing the hood scoop to detach from the vehicle.

Consequence: If the hood scoop detaches, it may become a road hazard, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will mechanically fasten the scoop to the hood, free of charge. The recall began on September 1, 2017. Owners may contact SET customer service at 1-954-429-2000. SET's number for this recall is SET17B.

14V475000 · Equipment:other:labels

Aug 4, 2014

Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain model year 2008-2014 FJ Cruiser and Tacoma vehicles equipped with accessory wheels and tires installed by Toyota or dealers prior to the vehicle's first sale. The affected vehicles may list incorrect spare tire size and/or cold tire inflation information on the tire placard. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 110, "Tire Selection and Rims for Passenger Cars."

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the spare tire is inflated to the incorrect pressure provided on the placard, tire failure may occur while it is being driven on, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: For the involved vehicles, overlay stickers to correct the tire placard will either be mailed to owners or provided to dealers for placement over the incorrect information on the placard. The recall is expected to begin in September 2014. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331.

14V054000 · Electronic Stability Control (esc); Service Brakes, Hydraulic:antilock/traction Control/electronic Limited Slip:control Unit/module

Feb 12, 2014

Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Electronic Stability Control (esc)

Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.

Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.

Service Brakes, Hydraulic:antilock/traction Control/electronic Limited Slip:control Unit/module

Toyota is recalling certain model year 2012 and 2013 Toyota Tacoma and Lexus RX350 vehicles and certain model year 2012 Toyota Rav4 vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the brake system contains a brake actuator that adjusts the fluid pressure of each wheel cylinder. An electrical component within the actuator may experience an increased resistance resulting in the illumination of various warning lights, including those for the Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) system, Antilock Brake System (ABS), and Traction Control system.

Consequence: If this occurs, these systems could become inoperative, reducing the directional control assistance, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Toyota will notify owners, and Toyota and Lexus dealers will update the software for the Skid Control electronic control unit, free of charge. The recall began on March 28, 2014. Owners may contact Toyota at 1-800-331-4331.

13V494000 · Tires:temporary/emergency Spare Tire

Oct 17, 2013

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain model year 2012-2013 Tacoma vehicles equipped with 18" Maverick Alloy Wheels. In the affected vehicles, the spare tire requires the use of a different style of lug nut to attach it to the vehicle than the other wheels use. These lug nuts were not provided with the vehicle.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the spare tire/wheel is installed on the vehicle using the lug nuts from another wheel, damage to the wheel could result and may eventually lead to a loose wheel, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: SET will notify owners, and dealers will: (a) Install a Warning Label on the spare tire/wheel, (b) supply a bag containing proper spare wheel lug nuts, and (c) place an Owner's Manual Addendum in the vehicle's glove box. The recall began on January 23, 2014. Owners may contact SET at 1-954-429-2000.

13V123000 · Equipment:other:labels

Apr 9, 2013

Southeast Toyota is recalling certain model year 2008 and 2010-2013 Toyota Tundra, 2010-2012 Rav4, 2012 Toyota Sequoia, 2010-2011 Toyota Corolla, 2010-2011 Toyota Camry and Camry Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota Highlander and Highlander Hybrid, 2010-2013 Toyota FJ Cruiser, 2011 Toyota Land Cruiser, 2010-2013 Toyota Venza, 2010-2011 Toyota 4Runner, 2010-2013 Toyota Tacoma, 2011-2012 Toyota Sienna, 2012 Toyota Prius, 2013 Scion FR-S, 2011 Scion XD, 2011 Scion XB, and 2012 Scion TC vehicles. These vehicles were sold with labels that were outside the allowable one percent of accuracy of actual weight added. Thus, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) Number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims."

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: An inaccurate label could lead to owners overloading their vehicles and tires. An overloaded vehicle can result in a tire failure which may result in a vehicle crash, personal injury, or property damage.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners and provide a corrected label with instructions concerning its installation. A small group of the affected vehicles will need additonal remedies which are still being developed. The recall began on May 28, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

13V014000 · Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE ; Seats

Jan 16, 2013

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Seats

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

Air Bags:frontal:sensor/control MODULE-INACTIVE

Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain models interspersed through model years 2009 through 2013 as follows: model year 2009-2012 Tacoma, 4Runner, Camry, Camry Hybrid, Prius, and RAV4; model year 2009-2010 Avalon, FJ Cruiser, and Highlander Hybrid; model year 2010-2013 model year Corolla, Sienna and Tundra; model year 2009-2013 Highlander and Venza; model year 2012 Prius V; and model year 2010-2012 Sequoia. During modification by SET to include accessories such as leather seat covers, seat heaters or headrest DVD systems, these vehicles may not have had the passenger seat occupant sensing system calibration tested. Without passing the calibration test, the occupant sensing system may not operate as designed.

Consequence: If the front passenger seat occupant sensing system is out of calibration, the front passenger airbags may not deploy or they may deploy inappropriately for the passenger's size and position. This could increase the risk of personal injury during the event of a vehicle crash necessitating airbag deployment.

Remedy: Southeast Toyota will notify owners, and dealers will test the sensitivity of the occupant detection sensors, and recalibrate them as necessary. The recall began on March 21, 2013. Owners may contact Southeast Toyota at 1-800-301-6859.

12V158000 · Equipment:other:labels

Apr 10, 2012

GULF STATES TOYOTA (GST) IS RECALLING CERTAIN MODEL YEAR 2012 TACOMA TRUCKS. THE TIRE AND LOADING INFORMATION PLACARD ON EACH VEHICLE CONTAINS INACCURATE SPARE TIRE SIZE AND COLD INFLATION PRESSURE INFORMATION. THUS, THESE VEHICLES FAIL TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARD NO. 110,”TIRE SELECTION AND RIMS.”

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: AN INCORRECT PLACARD COULD LEAD TO IMPROPER SPARE TIRE USE OR REPLACEMENT WHICH COULD RESULT IN A TIRE FAILURE, INCREASING THE RISK OF A CRASH.

Remedy: GST WILL NOTIFY OWNERS, AND SEND EACH OWNER A CORRECTED PLACARD, FREE OF CHARGE. THE SAFETY RECALL BEGAN ON JUNE 5, 2012. OWNERS MAY CONTACT GULF STATES TOYOTA, INC. AT 1-713-744-3465.

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

1

EA19001 · Electrical Overstress

Opened Apr 19, 2019 · Closed Sep 19, 2024

Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags: Air Bag/restraint Control Module

The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this investigation to determine if the failure of airbags to deploy during severe crashes, in certain vehicles, was the result of a safety related defect.  During the investigation a complex failure was studied that can result in non-deployment of subject vehicle air bags and other restraint system devices in severe crash events. The subject vehicles may be equipped with an airbag control unit (ACU) for the supplemental restraint system (SRS) Electronic Control Unit (ECU) manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The ECU receives signals from crash sensors mounted in the vehicle and deploys the vehicle air bags and seat belt pretensioners in accordance with manufacturer design specifications.  The ECU in the subject vehicles contains a model DS84 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) which controls the communication of the crash sensor signal, firing commands (i.e., when to deploy the airbag(s) and/or pretensioners), and fault information (e.g., diagnostic trouble codes). In September 2016, FCA announced recall 16V-668 for certain model year (MY) 2010 to 2014 Chrysler, Dodge and Jeep products manufactured with the subject ZF-TRW ACU.  In this recall, FCA discussed an EOS condition that resulted in a failure of the subject DS84 ASIC, which caused air bag non-deployment.  FCA noted that the defect condition had only been observed in vehicles equipped with sensor harnessing routed across the front of the vehicle.  Other FCA vehicles that also used the subject ACU, but were not equipped with cross-car harnessing, had not experienced EOS failures, despite similar time in service. During the course of this investigation, ODI sent two separate Information Request (IR) letters to six vehicle manufactures (including FCA, Hyundai, Honda, Kia, Mitsubishi, and Toyota) and one IR letter to ZF-TRW.  These IR letters resulted in ODI receiving comprehensive data from these manufacturers and suppliers. Studies of this data found that the DS84 ASIC does not have sufficient protection against negative electrical transients or electrical overstress (“EOS”) that can be generated in certain severe crashes.  An electrical transient occurs when the electrical power supplied to a circuit changes momentarily over a short duration of time.   In these severe crash cases, the crash sensors and other powered wiring can be damaged and short circuited so as to create a negative electrical transient of sufficient intensity and duration (that are outside the vehicle manufacturer's specification) to damage the ASIC before the restraint device deployment signal is received by the SRS ECU.  This damaged signal can lead to incomplete or nondeployment of the air bags and/or pretensioners.  Airbag non-deployment and/or lack of pretensioner operation can increase the risk or severity of injury in a crash.A total of 8 fatalities and 14 injuries were associated with known EOS events. The common element in all investigated manufacturers vehicles is the SRS ECU containing a DS84 ASIC manufactured by ZF-TRW.  The risk associated with the ASIC is equally shared among all OEMS involved in the investigation.  The actual real-world risk can be mitigated by other factors which were assessed by ODI during this investigation. The first mitigating factor involves protections built into the ACU design which protect the DS84 ASIC from damage.  There are multiple strategies and levels of protection employed by different OEMs that provide effective EOS mitigation.  The two most common strategies at the ACU level are circuit protection diodes on the remote senor signal lines, and current limiting resistors that protect critical components. The second mitigating factor is found at the vehicle level and involves the location and routing of the wires leading from the crash sensors to the SRS ECU.  If the wires are well protected in a crash and are not routed with other power wires carrying large currents, the risk for an EOS event is significantly reduced or eliminated. These design specific factors combine to produce a spectrum of risk for the vehicles equipped with ACUs using the DS84 ASIC.  Given the many of years of field exposure, it is possible to divide the subject population into two groups; vehicles which have experienced EOS events, and vehicles which have not experienced EOS field events. Four of the six OEMs involved in this investigation have experienced EOS field events on at least one of their models equipped with a DS84 ASIC.  All vehicle models (including the Toyota models identified in the Failure Report Summary of the opening resume for this investigation) with field events have been recalled.  In an abundance of caution, ODI kept this investigation open five years to monitor field performance and did not identify any field events on vehicles not included in existing safety recalls. Given the spectrum of risk identified in this investigation and that all vehicles with a demonstrated unreasonable risk have been recalled, ODI is closing this investigation. ODI is closing this investigation with the following manufacturer safety recalls: 16V-668, 18E-043, 18V-137, 18V-363, and 20V-024.  With the recall actions taken by the subject vehicle and equipment manufacturers, this investigation is closed. The closing of this investigation does not constitute a finding by NHTSA that a safety-related defect does not exists on other model or model year vehicles outside of the recall scopes. The agency reserves the right to take further action if warranted by the circumstances.