NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.
What owners actually said
1,394 reports114,346 miles · Apr 6, 2016
Suspension
RUSTED OUT WHEEL WELL EFFECTING THE SHOCK ABSORBER TOP MOUNT COULD BREAK FREE WHILE DRIVING. I HEARD A NEW RATTLE INVESTIGATED AND FOUND MY WHOLE WHEEL WELL ABOVE THE TOP SHOCK MOUNT IS RUSTED OUT. GOT PRICES FROM FOUR FORD DEALERS RANGING FROM 900.00 TO 4000.00 TO REPAIR IT ALL OF THE DEALERS WERE AWARE OF THE PROBLEM AND HERD…
Read full complaint
RUSTED OUT WHEEL WELL EFFECTING THE SHOCK ABSORBER TOP MOUNT COULD BREAK FREE WHILE DRIVING. I HEARD A NEW RATTLE INVESTIGATED AND FOUND MY WHOLE WHEEL WELL ABOVE THE TOP SHOCK MOUNT IS RUSTED OUT. GOT PRICES FROM FOUR FORD DEALERS RANGING FROM 900.00 TO 4000.00 TO REPAIR IT ALL OF THE DEALERS WERE AWARE OF THE PROBLEM AND HERD OF MANY OTHER EXAMPLES. I AM WONDERING WAY THERE HASN'T BEEN A RECALL?
NHTSA ODI #10853914
100,000 miles · Apr 5, 2016
StructureSuspension
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. WHILE DRIVING 35 MPH, THERE WAS AN ABNORMAL NOISE COMING FROM THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE. THE DEALER DIAGNOSED THAT THE REAR SHOCK TOWER HAD SEVERE CORROSION, WHICH CAUSED THE REAR SHOCKS TO FRACTURE AND SEPARATE FROM THE SUBFRAME OF THE VEHICLE. THE CONTACT ALSO STATED THAT THE REAR HATCH W…
Read full complaint
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. WHILE DRIVING 35 MPH, THERE WAS AN ABNORMAL NOISE COMING FROM THE REAR OF THE VEHICLE. THE DEALER DIAGNOSED THAT THE REAR SHOCK TOWER HAD SEVERE CORROSION, WHICH CAUSED THE REAR SHOCKS TO FRACTURE AND SEPARATE FROM THE SUBFRAME OF THE VEHICLE. THE CONTACT ALSO STATED THAT THE REAR HATCH WINDOW SUPPORT WAS SEVERELY CORRODED AND NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 100,000.
NHTSA ODI #10853484
88,000 miles · Apr 1, 2016
Seats
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. WHILE DRIVING AT AN UNKNOWN SPEED, THE PASSENGER RIDING IN THE REAR SEAT NOTICED A HOLE IN THE BACK SIDE OF THE DRIVER SEAT. A PIECE OF METAL, APPROXIMATELY EIGHT INCHES LONG, WAS PROTRUDING FROM THE SEAT. THE VEHICLE WAS SCHEDULED TO BE EVALUATED AT THE DEALER. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIF…
Read full complaint
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. WHILE DRIVING AT AN UNKNOWN SPEED, THE PASSENGER RIDING IN THE REAR SEAT NOTICED A HOLE IN THE BACK SIDE OF THE DRIVER SEAT. A PIECE OF METAL, APPROXIMATELY EIGHT INCHES LONG, WAS PROTRUDING FROM THE SEAT. THE VEHICLE WAS SCHEDULED TO BE EVALUATED AT THE DEALER. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 88,000.
NHTSA ODI #10852879
93,000 miles · Mar 24, 2016
Suspension
WHILE I WAS DRIVING I NOTICED A BANGING NOISE IN THE REAR OF MY 2005 FORD ESCAPE THAT WAS GETTING LOUDER, WHEN I LOOKED AT BOTH SIDES I NOTICED THAT THE PASSENGER REAR WELL WAS COMPLETELY RUSTED OUT. I TOOK MY ESCAPE TO THE CAR REPAIR SHOP AND WAS QUOTED $1000 FOR THE REPAIR AND WAS TOLD THAT THIS IS A COMMON PROBLEM WITH THIS …
Read full complaint
WHILE I WAS DRIVING I NOTICED A BANGING NOISE IN THE REAR OF MY 2005 FORD ESCAPE THAT WAS GETTING LOUDER, WHEN I LOOKED AT BOTH SIDES I NOTICED THAT THE PASSENGER REAR WELL WAS COMPLETELY RUSTED OUT. I TOOK MY ESCAPE TO THE CAR REPAIR SHOP AND WAS QUOTED $1000 FOR THE REPAIR AND WAS TOLD THAT THIS IS A COMMON PROBLEM WITH THIS VEHICLE. I STARTED DOING SOME RESEARCH AND FOUND OUT THAT THIS IS A VERY COMMON PROBLEM WITH 2004 AND 2005 FORD ESCAPE THAT THEY DIDN'T PROPERLY SEAL ONE SIDE OF THE CAR, AND THAT THEY HAD ONLY RECALLED THE 2004. I HAD CONTRACTED THE FORD MOTOR CO. AND THEY TOLD ME THAT THEY HAVE NO RECORD OF ANY PROBLEMS WITH THE 2005 FORD ESCAPE HAVING THIS PROBLEM, I THEN INFORMED THEM THAT THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE REPORTED THIS PROBLEM AND SHE SAID THAT THEY HAVE NO RECORDS. I FEEL THEY SHOULD BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS REPAIR SINCE IT IS THE SAME PROBLEM THEY HAD WITH THE 2004 FORD ESCAPE. MY CAR ONLY HAS ONLY 93,000 MILES WHEN THIS PROBLEM OCCURRED. THIS SUV IS NOT SAFE TO DRIVE AND YOU ARE UNABLE TO DRIVE THIS VEHICLE WHEN THIS PROBLEM OCCURS.
NHTSA ODI #10851322
152,000 miles · Mar 14, 2016
Engine
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE DRIVING AT 25 MPH, THE VEHICLE STALLED. THE CONTACT WAS UNABLE TO RESTART THE VEHICLE. IN ADDITION, THE CHECK ENGINE WARNING LIGHT ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE CONTACT'S RESIDENCE. AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC, WHO DIAGNOSED THAT THE ENGINE COILS AND …
Read full complaint
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT WHILE DRIVING AT 25 MPH, THE VEHICLE STALLED. THE CONTACT WAS UNABLE TO RESTART THE VEHICLE. IN ADDITION, THE CHECK ENGINE WARNING LIGHT ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TOWED TO THE CONTACT'S RESIDENCE. AN INDEPENDENT MECHANIC, WHO DIAGNOSED THAT THE ENGINE COILS AND THE SPARK PLUGS NEEDED TO BE REPLACED, INSPECTED THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS REPAIRED. HOWEVER, THE FAILURE RECURRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 152,000.
NHTSA ODI #10846390
152,000 miles · Mar 14, 2016
Electrical SystemEngineFuel/propulsion System
BOUGHT MY 05 XLT ESCAPE LAST MAY 2015 AND ALL OF A SUDDEN IT STARTED TO SHUDDER STALL WHILE IDLING AND JUST COMPLETELY DIE WHEN I WAS DRIVING ON THE HIGHWAY! GOT THE CODES READ AND IT SAID I HAD A MISFIRE ON CYLINDER 2, SO I PUT NEW COILS AND SPARK PLUGS IN IT BUT IT'S STILL NOT WORKING! STILL DOING A MISFIRE AND IT'S RUNNING BA…
Read full complaint
BOUGHT MY 05 XLT ESCAPE LAST MAY 2015 AND ALL OF A SUDDEN IT STARTED TO SHUDDER STALL WHILE IDLING AND JUST COMPLETELY DIE WHEN I WAS DRIVING ON THE HIGHWAY! GOT THE CODES READ AND IT SAID I HAD A MISFIRE ON CYLINDER 2, SO I PUT NEW COILS AND SPARK PLUGS IN IT BUT IT'S STILL NOT WORKING! STILL DOING A MISFIRE AND IT'S RUNNING BAD WHEN IT DECIDES TO CRANK UP! NOW IT'S NOT EVEN DRIVABLE.
NHTSA ODI #10846378
160,000 miles · Mar 4, 2016
Electrical SystemEngine
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2005 FORD ESCAPE. AFTER COMING TO A STOP, THE VEHICLE STALLED WITHOUT WARNING. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A DEALER, BUT WAS NOT DIAGNOSED NOR REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 160,000.
NHTSA ODI #10839943
77,500 miles · Mar 1, 2016
Electrical System
CAR RUNNING ROUGH, CAR SLOWED AND THEN WOULD NOT DRIVE. TOWED, TOLD IT NEEDS NEW PCM, CYLINDERS, COILS, AND SPARK PLUGS. CAR HAS LESS THAN 80,000 MILES. THIS IS A KNOWN PROBLEM WITH THIS CAR AND THE PCM WAS CHANGED IN LATER MODELS. FORD CREATED A DEFECTIVE PRODUCT AND DOES NOT SEEM TO CARE.
NHTSA ODI #10839196
Mileage unknown · Feb 25, 2016
StructureSuspension
I HAD FINANCE A 2005 FORD ESCAPE XLT AFTER HAD THE VEHICLE FOR TWO MONTH I NOTICE A STRANGE SOUNDS FOR THE BACK OF THE VEHICLE I TRACK AND FOUND OUT THAT THE REAR. UNDERNEATH THE CAR PANEL WHERE THE SHOCKWAS AT IS RUSTED ALL THROUGH. THE THE FRONT TIRE IS WEAR AND THE VEHICLE IS DRIVING BAD SHOCKS STRUCT AND WHEEL E…
Read full complaint
I HAD FINANCE A 2005 FORD ESCAPE XLT AFTER HAD THE VEHICLE FOR TWO MONTH I NOTICE A STRANGE SOUNDS FOR THE BACK OF THE VEHICLE I TRACK AND FOUND OUT THAT THE REAR. UNDERNEATH THE CAR PANEL WHERE THE SHOCKWAS AT IS RUSTED ALL THROUGH. THE THE FRONT TIRE IS WEAR AND THE VEHICLE IS DRIVING BAD SHOCKS STRUCT AND WHEEL ELIGNMENT WAS ALL EFFECT WITH THE RUST PANAL FROM SHOCKS...
NHTSA ODI #10838466
108,000 miles · Feb 25, 2016
Structure
THE FRAME OF THE VEHICLE HAS RUSTED AND THE SUSPENSION BROKE FREE WHILE IT WAS BEING DRIVEN. FORD HAS RECALLED UP THE MODEL YEAR OF 2004 BECAUSE OF FRAME RUST THROUGH IN THE NORTHERN STATES . IN SPEAKING WITH THE REPAIR SHOP HE SAID HE HAS SEEN A NUMBER OF THESE PROBLEMS. I CALLED FORD CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WAS TOLD MY CAR HA…
Read full complaint
THE FRAME OF THE VEHICLE HAS RUSTED AND THE SUSPENSION BROKE FREE WHILE IT WAS BEING DRIVEN. FORD HAS RECALLED UP THE MODEL YEAR OF 2004 BECAUSE OF FRAME RUST THROUGH IN THE NORTHERN STATES . IN SPEAKING WITH THE REPAIR SHOP HE SAID HE HAS SEEN A NUMBER OF THESE PROBLEMS. I CALLED FORD CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WAS TOLD MY CAR HAS NO KNOWN ISSUES.
NHTSA ODI #10838165
Official recalls
4Sep 29, 2015
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2001-2008 Ford Escape and Mercury Mariner vehicles manufactured March 31, 2001, to September 1, 2009. The affected vehicles are equipped with either a 2.3L or 3.0L engine and have had their CD4E transmission replaced with remanufactured one that was rebuilt between June 11, 2015 through July 15, 2015. These service repair part transmissions have a shift lever bolt that may not be properly tightened. As a result, the shift control lever could disengage from the transmission without warning.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the shift lever disengages from the transmission, a driver may be unable to shift gear positions and the indicated shift position may not represent the gear position the vehicle is in. Should a disengagement occur while the vehicle is being driven, when the driver goes to stop and park the vehicle, the gear selection indicator may show that the transmission is in the "PARK" position, but the vehicle transmission may not actually be in the "PARK" gear position. If the vehicle is not in the "PARK" position there is a risk the vehicle will roll away as the driver and other occupants exit the vehicle or anytime thereafter. A vehicle rollaway increases the risk of injury to exiting occupants and bystanders.
Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the transmissions and either tighten the manual shift lever bolt or replace the manual shift lever assembly. These repairs will be performed free of charge. The recall began on October 23, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15S28.
Additional source detail variants (2)
Power Train:automatic Transmission:lever And Linkage:floor Shift
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2001-2008 Ford Escape and Mercury Mariner vehicles manufactured March 31, 2001, to September 1, 2009. The affected vehicles are equipped with either a 2.3L or 3.0L engine and have had their CD4E transmission replaced with remanufactured one that was rebuilt between June 11, 2015 through July 15, 2015. These service repair part transmissions have a shift lever bolt that may not be properly tightened. As a result, the shift control lever could disengage from the transmission without warning.
Consequence: If the shift lever disengages from the transmission, a driver may be unable to shift gear positions and the indicated shift position may not represent the gear position the vehicle is in. Should a disengagement occur while the vehicle is being driven, when the driver goes to stop and park the vehicle, the gear selection indicator may show that the transmission is in the "PARK" position, but the vehicle transmission may not actually be in the "PARK" gear position. If the vehicle is not in the "PARK" position there is a risk the vehicle will roll away as the driver and other occupants exit the vehicle or anytime thereafter. A vehicle rollaway increases the risk of injury to exiting occupants and bystanders.
Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the transmissions and either tighten the manual shift lever bolt or replace the manual shift lever assembly. These repairs will be performed free of charge. The recall began on October 23, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15S28.
Power Train:automatic Transmission:gear Position Indication (prndl)
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2001-2008 Ford Escape and Mercury Mariner vehicles manufactured March 31, 2001, to September 1, 2009. The affected vehicles are equipped with either a 2.3L or 3.0L engine and have had their CD4E transmission replaced with remanufactured one that was rebuilt between June 11, 2015 through July 15, 2015. These service repair part transmissions have a shift lever bolt that may not be properly tightened. As a result, the shift control lever could disengage from the transmission without warning.
Consequence: If the shift lever disengages from the transmission, a driver may be unable to shift gear positions and the indicated shift position may not represent the gear position the vehicle is in. Should a disengagement occur while the vehicle is being driven, when the driver goes to stop and park the vehicle, the gear selection indicator may show that the transmission is in the "PARK" position, but the vehicle transmission may not actually be in the "PARK" gear position. If the vehicle is not in the "PARK" position there is a risk the vehicle will roll away as the driver and other occupants exit the vehicle or anytime thereafter. A vehicle rollaway increases the risk of injury to exiting occupants and bystanders.
Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect the transmissions and either tighten the manual shift lever bolt or replace the manual shift lever assembly. These repairs will be performed free of charge. The recall began on October 23, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15S28.
Sep 3, 2014
Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2005-2008 Ford Escape hybrid electric vehicles manufactured October 13, 2003, to June 20, 2008, and 2006-2008 Mercury Mariner hybrid electric vehicles manufactured June 10, 2005, to June 20, 2008. The coolant pump for the hybrid system may fail resulting in the hybrid electronics overheating.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: If the hybrid electronics system overheats, it may shut down the powertrain, resulting in a stall-like condition, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will inspect and replace the original Motor Electronics Coolant (MEC) Pump with an improved brushless pump, free of charge. The recall is expected to begin on October 27, 2014. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 14S19.
Apr 7, 2006
CERTAIN SPORT UTILITY VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITHOUT SIDE AIR CURTAINS OR MOONROOFS FAIL TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARD NO. 201, "OCCUPANT PROTECTION IN INTERIOR IMPACT." DURING TESTING, THE FREE MOTION HEAD FORM REGISTERED A MEASUREMENT ABOVE THE PERMITTED LIMIT AT THE LEFT HAND A-PILLAR TRIM AREA.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: IN THE EVENT OF A VEHICLE CRASH, PERSONAL INJURY TO OCCUPANTS MAY OCCUR.
Remedy: DEALERS WILL MAKE MODIFICATIONS TO THE ENERGY ABSORBING MATERIAL LOCATED ABOVE THE HEADLINER IN THE AFFECTED AREA FREE OF CHARGE. THE RECALL BEGAN ON MAY 19, 2006. OWNERS MAY CONTACT FORD AT 1-800-392-3673.
Dec 20, 2004
CERTAIN 2004-2005 SPORT UTILITY VEHICLES AND CERTAIN 2001-2003 SPORT UTIITY VEHICLE HAVING REAR LIFTGATE COMPONENTS SERVICED WITH 2004 EQUIVALENT COMPONENTS FAIL TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARD NO. 206, 'DOOR LOCKS AND DOOR RETENTION COMPONENTS.' THE REAR LIFTGATE LATCHING SYSTEM DOES NOT MEET THE INERTIA LOAD REQUIREMENT IN ONE DIRECTION.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: IF THE LIFTGATE IS LEFT UNLOCKED, THERE IS THE POTENTIAL THAT IT MAY OPEN DURING A CRASH.
Remedy: DEALERS WILL REPLACE THE REAR LIFTGATE LATCH RELEASE ROD, THE RELEASE ROD ATTACHMENT CLIP AND THE DOOR HANDLE RETURN SPRING. THE RECALL BEGAN ON MARCH 31, 2005. OWNERS SHOULD CONTACT FORD AT 1-800-392-3673.
Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗
NHTSA investigations
2DP12006 · Electronic Throttle Body Malfunction
Opened Oct 2, 2012 · Closed Feb 21, 2013
Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Engine
In a letter dated August 30, 2012, The North Carolina Consumers Council (NCCC) petitioned the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to initiate a defect investigation of alleged electronic throttle body failures resulting in engine stall or surge while driving in model year (MY) 2005 through 2012 Ford Escape vehicles. On October 2, 2012 the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened a Defect Petition DP12-006 to evaluate whether to grant or deny the petition. The petition is hereby granted on certain model years. The NCCC letter cites two complaints of stall while driving in MY 2009 Ford Escape vehicles that were diagnosed as failed throttle bodies with diagnostic trouble codes (DTC) P2111, Throttle Body Stuck Open, and P2112, Throttle Body Stuck Closed. The petitioner indicates that the owners of both vehicles reported experiencing repeated incidents of stalling and engine surging. According to Ford, Escape non-hybrid vehicles are equipped with Electronic Throttle Body (ETB) assemblies beginning with MY 2009. Vehicles manufactured between June 22, 2009 and October 15, 2009 may contain contaminated printed circuit boards (PCB) with plating variations. Plating variations could lead to a lack of continuity in the throttle position sensor circuit where P2111 and/or other DTCs would be generated and stored. Ford and its electronic throttle body supplier, Delphi, modified the PCB manufacturing process and issued a technical service bulletin (TSB) 09-23-5. Vehicles produced after October 15, 2009 incorporated ETBs manufactured with a PCB process that resolved this condition. ODI's analysis identified a total of 123 unique reports indicating allegations of reduced motive power or vehicle stall. Depending on the condition of throttle control system malfunction, a driver may experience varying levels of reduced engine performance associated with three limp home modes. In two limp modes, reduced engine performance may maintain vehicle speeds above 20mph while the third is a limited limp home mode with engine speeds limited to approximately 900 RPM. Allegations of stall appear to be related to the limited limp home mode. Vehicles are not likely to unexpectedly stall as a result of this condition, but drivers may characterize the reduced functionality as a stall, even though their vehicle may still has motive capability. Allegations of vehicle surge appear to be related to limp home mode operation. Complaints alleging surge are most likely related to engine RPM fluctuations at low vehicle speeds or idle as the control system engages to prevent engine stall. In limited limp mode, rough-idle conditions may exist while the control system attempts to modulate engine RPMs once the vehicle reaches a reduced speed to maintain approximately 900 RPM. Separately, ODI received 59 complaints alleging incidents of engine stall while driving in model year (MY) 2010-2011 Ford Fusion vehicles. Approximately 60 percent (36) of the incidents occurred at speeds of 40 miles per hour or more. Eighty percent of complaints (47) were received beginning March 2012 and 14 complaints reported that the throttle body was replaced or DTCs associated with limp home modes. Additionally, Ford issued TSB 10-21-6 addressing DTCs associated with idle speed drops and limited limp home mode. The petition is granted on certain model years.Preliminary Evaluation PE13-003 has been opened to assess the scope, frequency and potential safety consequences associated with the alleged defect.See full copy of the closing resume for this defect petition for list of the VOQs associated with the defect petition analysis.
AQ10001 · Fleet Vehicle Recall Completion Audit
Opened Nov 18, 2010 · Closed Dec 28, 2015
Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Unknown Or Other
On November 18, 2010, NHTSA's Recall Management Division (RMD) opened an audit query (AQ10-001) to investigate recall remedy completion by rental car companies on safety recall campaigns.It was expected to provide the agency an indication of how completely and how quickly rental car fleets perform necessary recall-related remedies on the vehicles owned and then rented/leased for use on the roadways.RMD queried three (3) major motor vehicle manufacturers (Ford, Chrysler, and General Motors) and requested data regarding completion figures for fifteen (15) discreet safety recalls.Analysis of this data demonstrated that rental car recalls completion was neither complete nor consistent.The rental car companies representing the largest market share in the industry were then queried as to their respective policies for the rental, lease, and sale of vehicles with open recalls.The data and responses from the manufacturers and the rental car companies can be found in the document repository by accessing the ?Associated Documents link above.In December 2015, Congress enacted the Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act.One section of the Act prohibits rental car companies from renting, leasing, or selling motor vehicles subject to open safety recalls.With the passage of the FAST Act and its prohibition, there is no continuing need for the agency to investigate rental car recall completions.Accordingly, this investigation is closed.The agency reserves the right to open any future investigations, including audits of individual recalls, or groups of recalls, or rental car companies, to examine more closely safety recalls performance and completion issues in this area.
Illustration