NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.
What owners actually said
331 reports1,055 miles · Apr 17, 2019
Service Brakes
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2018 TOYOTA RAV4. WHILE DRIVING, THE BRAKE PEDAL HAD TO BE DEPRESSED TO THE FLOORBOARD TO STOP THE VEHICLE. THERE WERE NO WARNING INDICATORS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT TAKEN TO A DEALER OR INDEPENDENT MECHANIC FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE F…
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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2018 TOYOTA RAV4. WHILE DRIVING, THE BRAKE PEDAL HAD TO BE DEPRESSED TO THE FLOORBOARD TO STOP THE VEHICLE. THERE WERE NO WARNING INDICATORS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT TAKEN TO A DEALER OR INDEPENDENT MECHANIC FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 1,055.
NHTSA ODI #11197027
181 miles · Apr 3, 2019
Service BrakesSteering
SINCE THE CAR WAS PURCHASED ON 11/25/2018, THE FRONT BRAKES CREAK WHILE ON DRIVE AND THE CAR PULLS TO THE LEFT. I TOOK IT TO THE DEALERSHIP AND THEY SAID NOTHING WAS WRONG WITH THE BRAKES. THEY ASKED THAT I WAIT UNTILL 500 MILES TO LOOK AT THE ALIGNMENT. I TOOK IT IN AGAIN FOR THE BRAKES AND THE SERVICE MANAGER SAT IN THE CAR A…
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SINCE THE CAR WAS PURCHASED ON 11/25/2018, THE FRONT BRAKES CREAK WHILE ON DRIVE AND THE CAR PULLS TO THE LEFT. I TOOK IT TO THE DEALERSHIP AND THEY SAID NOTHING WAS WRONG WITH THE BRAKES. THEY ASKED THAT I WAIT UNTILL 500 MILES TO LOOK AT THE ALIGNMENT. I TOOK IT IN AGAIN FOR THE BRAKES AND THE SERVICE MANAGER SAT IN THE CAR AND HE HEARD THE BRAKE NOISE. HE RAN IT THROUGH TESTS AND SAID NOTHING WAS FOUND. HE WAS GOING TO WAIT FOR A TOYOTA REPRESENTATIVE TO COME AND THEN THEY WOULD LOOK AT IT BEFORE ANYTHING WAS DONE. IT IS NOW APRIL AND THEY STILL HAVE NOT ADDRESSED THE BRAKE ISSUE. THEY DID ADJUST THE ALIGNMENT DURING THE TIME, BUT IT STILL PULLS TO THE LEFT. AFTER THE ALIGNMENT, THERE WAS A SLIDING GRINDING NOISE ON THE LEFT FRONT BRAKE. THE NOISES OCCUR WHEN YOU COME TO A STOP AND RELEASE THE BRAKES. BOTH ISSUES HAVE BEEN PRESENT SINCE THE CAR WAS PURCHASED HAVE NOT BEEN RESOLVED.
NHTSA ODI #11193729
400 miles · Apr 1, 2019
Structure
TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2018 TOYOTA RAV4. WHEN THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A CAR WASH, THE CONTACT NOTICED WATER LEAKING ONTO THE FRONT PASSENGER FLOOR. SUN TOYOTA (3001 US-19, HOLIDAY, FL 34691, (727) 310-3070) PERFORMED A TEST ON THE VEHICLE WITH THE SAME HIGH PRESSURE CAR WASH AND WAS ABLE TO DUPLICATE THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE AL…
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TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2018 TOYOTA RAV4. WHEN THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO A CAR WASH, THE CONTACT NOTICED WATER LEAKING ONTO THE FRONT PASSENGER FLOOR. SUN TOYOTA (3001 US-19, HOLIDAY, FL 34691, (727) 310-3070) PERFORMED A TEST ON THE VEHICLE WITH THE SAME HIGH PRESSURE CAR WASH AND WAS ABLE TO DUPLICATE THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE ALSO OCCURRED WITH THREE SIMILAR VEHICLES THAT WERE TESTED. THE MANUFACTURER STATED THAT THE FAILURE WAS NOT DUE TO A DESIGN FLAW, AND ADVISED THE CONTACT TO USE A DIFFERENT CAR WASH UNTIL THEY COULD MAKE A DESIGN CHANGE. THE DEALER KEPT THE VEHICLE FOR 15 DAYS AND PROVIDED A LOANER VEHICLE. THE DEALER DID NOT REQUEST THE LOANER BACK UNTIL THE CONTACT HIRED AN ATTORNEY. THE MANUFACTURER STATED THAT THE DEALER HAD TO INDICATE THAT THERE WAS A DEFECT WITH THE VEHICLE. THE ATTORNEY WAS WAITING TO HEAR FROM THE DEALER. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE VIN WAS UNKNOWN. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 400.
NHTSA ODI #11192834
7,870 miles · Mar 16, 2019
Exterior LightingUnknown Or Other
AUTO LIGHT FEATURE DOES NOT WORK PROPERLY: ON MANY OCCASIONS (ABOUT 2-3 TIMES PER WEEK), WHILE CAR IS IN MOTION EARLY IN THE MORNING AND AT NIGHT, WITH THE HEADLIGHTS IN THE "AUTO" MODE AND THE AUTOMATIC HIGH BEAM FEATURE ENABLED. WHEN STARTING THE CAR, THE AUTO LIGHT FUNCTION SEEMS TO BE DELAYED. IT DOES NOT WORK INITIALLY B…
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AUTO LIGHT FEATURE DOES NOT WORK PROPERLY: ON MANY OCCASIONS (ABOUT 2-3 TIMES PER WEEK), WHILE CAR IS IN MOTION EARLY IN THE MORNING AND AT NIGHT, WITH THE HEADLIGHTS IN THE "AUTO" MODE AND THE AUTOMATIC HIGH BEAM FEATURE ENABLED. WHEN STARTING THE CAR, THE AUTO LIGHT FUNCTION SEEMS TO BE DELAYED. IT DOES NOT WORK INITIALLY BUT STARTS WORKING AFTER THE CAR IS IN MOTION FOR SEVERAL MINUTES. THE AUTO LIGHT FEATURE IS NOT STAYING ON AFTER CAR IS IN MOTION AT NIGHT, LIGHTS TURN OFF BY THEMSELVES FOR A FEW SECONDS CAUSING ME TO DRIVE WITHOUT LIGHTS BEFORE THEY TURN THEMSELVES BACK ON. LUCKILY I WAS DRIVING SLOWLY, OTHERWISE IT COULD HAVE CAUSED A SERIOUS ACCIDENT. I TOOK THE CAR TO THE DEALER A FEW TIMES TO FIX THE ISSUE BUT THEY COULDN'T FIGURE OUT THE CAUSE OF THE PROBLEM. NO SOLUTION. THEY SUGGUESTED THAT I MANUALLY OPERATE THE LIGHTS. I DO NOT THINK THAT I OR ANY OTHER CAR OWNERS SHOULD PAY MONEY FOR A BRAND NEW CAR THAT OFFERS CONVENIENCE FEATURES THAT DO NOT WORK. I WAS TOLD THAT THERE IS A MECHANIC AT THIS PARTICULAR DEALERSHIP THAT OWNS THE SAME CAR MODEL AND IS HAVING THE SAME ISSUE WITH HIS CAR. THIS ISSUE IS NEW AND TO MY KNOWLEDGE, THERE IS NOT A TECHNICAL SERVICE BULLETIN. ALSO, THERE ARE TIMES THAT I SMELL GAS IN THE CAR WHILE THE CAR IS IN MOTION. THE DEALER COULDN'T FIND ANY GAS LEAKS WHEN CHECKED.
NHTSA ODI #11187210
14,000 miles · Mar 11, 2019
Exterior Lighting
REPEATEDLY, WHILE IN MOTION, WITH THE HEADLIGHTS IN THE "AUTO" MODE, AND THE "AUTOMATIC HIGH BEAM FEATURE ENABLED (WHICH SWITCHES THE HEADLIGHTS FROM HIGH BEAM TO LOW BEAM AUTOMATICALLY BASED ON THE PRESENCE OF ONCOMING HEADLIGHTS/TAIL LIGHTS AHEAD/AMBIENT LIGHT LEVELS) THE AUTO HIGHBEAM FEATURE WILL DISABLE ITSELF, GENERALLY TI…
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REPEATEDLY, WHILE IN MOTION, WITH THE HEADLIGHTS IN THE "AUTO" MODE, AND THE "AUTOMATIC HIGH BEAM FEATURE ENABLED (WHICH SWITCHES THE HEADLIGHTS FROM HIGH BEAM TO LOW BEAM AUTOMATICALLY BASED ON THE PRESENCE OF ONCOMING HEADLIGHTS/TAIL LIGHTS AHEAD/AMBIENT LIGHT LEVELS) THE AUTO HIGHBEAM FEATURE WILL DISABLE ITSELF, GENERALLY TIED TO THE PASSING OF A CAR WITH BRIGHT LIGHTS. WHEN THIS FEATURE DISABLES ITSELF IT PREVENTS ALL USE OF HIGHBEAMS. THE ONLY WAY TO GET HIGHBEAMS WHILE THE FEATURE IS "DISABLED" (EVEN IN COMPLETE DARKNESS) IS TO "ROTATE" THE STALK CONTROL AWAY FROM "AUTO HEADLIGHT" TO "MANUAL HEADLIGHT". THE FEATURE EVENTUALLY RE-ENABLES ITSELF, BUT USUALLY TAKES A NUMBER OF MINUTES, LEAVING ME WITHOUT THE SAFETY OF HIGHBEAMS FOR THAT PERIOD, UNLESS I GO THROUGH THE CUMBERSOME ACT OF TURNING HEADLAMPS TO "MANUAL". THIS IS PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS DURING MY COMMUTE WHERE I DRIVE A NUMBER OF MILES ON UNLIT STATE ROADS. I RELY ON HIGHBEAMS TO ALERT ME TO THE PRESENCE OF DEER AND OTHER ANIMALS CROSSING THE ROAD WHICH OCCURS ROUTINELY. NOT HAVING HIGHBEAMS FOR A NUMBER OF MILES EXPOSES ME TO THE RISK OF NOT SEEING THESE HAZARDS IN TIME TO REACT PROPERLY. IN ADDITION, HAVING TO DIVERT MY ATTENTION TO WHETHER THIS FEATURE HAS DISABLED ITSELF AND TAKING MANUAL ACTION TO CIRCUMVENT THE ISSUE IS A DISTRACTION WHILE MY FOCUS SHOULD BE ON POSSIBLE HAZARDS. I HAVE REPORTED THE ISSUE TO TOYOTA. CASE NUMBER [XXX] HAS BEEN ASSIGNED. A TOYOTA CASE MANAGER CONTACTED ME AND STATED THAT SHE EXPERIENCES THE VERY SAME ISSUE WITH HER 2018 RAV4 BUT THERE ARE NO FIXES IDENTIFIED BY TOYOTA FOR THE ISSUE, SO THEREFORE THERE IS NOTHING SHE OR THE DEALER CAN DO. I STRONGLY FEEL THIS IS A SAFETY ISSUE IN THAT THERE IS A RISK THAT AN ACCIDENT WILL OCCUR, POSSIBLY THE STRIKING OF A PEDESTRIAN, DUE TO POOR VISIBILITY OR DISTRACTION TRYING TO OVERRIDE THE FEATURE WHILE DRIVING. INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6). *TT
NHTSA ODI #11185930
8,800 miles · Mar 5, 2019
Visibility/wiper
OUR 2018 RAV4 WINDSHIELD SPONTANEOUSLY CRACKED STARTING AT THE POINT WHERE THE WINDSHIELD CAMERA IS MOUNTED ON THE FRONT WITH REAR VIEW MIRROR ATTACHED. WE DO NOT RECALL THAT ANYTHING HIT THE WINDSHIELD, AND THE CRACK APPEARED ON THE CAR OVERNIGHT WHILE PARKED IN OUR DRIVEWAY. THE CRACK STARTS AT THE TOP OF THE WINDSHIELD WHER…
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OUR 2018 RAV4 WINDSHIELD SPONTANEOUSLY CRACKED STARTING AT THE POINT WHERE THE WINDSHIELD CAMERA IS MOUNTED ON THE FRONT WITH REAR VIEW MIRROR ATTACHED. WE DO NOT RECALL THAT ANYTHING HIT THE WINDSHIELD, AND THE CRACK APPEARED ON THE CAR OVERNIGHT WHILE PARKED IN OUR DRIVEWAY. THE CRACK STARTS AT THE TOP OF THE WINDSHIELD WHERE THE SAFETY SENSE 2.0 CAMERA IS MOUNTED, AND EXTENDS DOWN ALMOST HALFWAY TO THE BOTTOM, AND THEN MAKES A 90 DEGREE TURN TOWARD THE DRIVER'S SIDE DOOR, EXTENDS FOR ABOUT 1 1/2 FT., AND THEN MAKES ANOTHER 90 DEGREE TURN DOWN TOWARD THE WINDSHIELD WIPER FOR APPROXIMATELY 3". THE PHOTO DOES NOT SHOW HOW LONG THE CRACK IS, BUT MOSTLY WHERE IT BEGINS. WE HAVE ADDED RED LINES TO SHOW THE FIRST 90 DEGREE TURN, AND DOTTED LINE TO SHOW THE EXTENDED CRACK THAT IS NOT VISIBLE, AND THE 2ND 90 DEGREE TURN. WE BELIEVE THAT THE WINDSHIELD DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION IS FAULTY, AND WE UNDERSTAND THAT THE PRIUS MODEL IS ALREADY IN LEGAL TALKS WITH TOYOTA OVER THE SAME PROBLEM. THIS SHOULD BE A RECALL BY TOYOTA, ALTHOUGH OUR TOYOTA DEALERSHIP IS NOT TAKING RESPONSIBILITY FOR THIS SPONTANEOUS CRACKED WINDSHIELD WHICH WE DID NOT CAUSE. THE DEALERSHIP QUOTED A PRICE TO US FOR THEM TO REPLACE IT FOR JUST UNDER $1,600. WE FEEL THAT THIS IS WRONG AND UNFAIR.
NHTSA ODI #11184379
11,000 miles · Mar 1, 2019
Exterior Lighting
I HAVE A NEW XLE AND THE HEADLIGHTS ARE DANGEROUS. THESE ARE PROJECTOR HEADLIGHTS THAT CAST A VERY FOCUSED BEAM FORWARD. IT IS FRIGTENING WHEN YOU DRIVE IN SOME ROADS WITHOUT A LOT OF AMBIENT LIGHT. WITH THE LOW BEAMS ON, IT IS LIKE SOMEONE PAINTED THE TOP HALF OF MY WINDSHIELD BLACK. THERE IS LITTLE PERIPHERAL ILLUMINATION, SO …
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I HAVE A NEW XLE AND THE HEADLIGHTS ARE DANGEROUS. THESE ARE PROJECTOR HEADLIGHTS THAT CAST A VERY FOCUSED BEAM FORWARD. IT IS FRIGTENING WHEN YOU DRIVE IN SOME ROADS WITHOUT A LOT OF AMBIENT LIGHT. WITH THE LOW BEAMS ON, IT IS LIKE SOMEONE PAINTED THE TOP HALF OF MY WINDSHIELD BLACK. THERE IS LITTLE PERIPHERAL ILLUMINATION, SO I CAN SEE WHAT IS DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF ME, AND NOTHING ELSE. WHERE THE ROAD INCLINES DOWN, THE ILLUMINATION CUTS OUT JUST A FEW FEET OFF THE GROUND, BELOW THE LEVEL OF THINGS LIKE STOP SIGNS. THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO PERIPHERAL ILLUMINATION RIGHT AT THE FRONT OF THE CAR, SO WHEN I TURN, I CAN'T SEE WHAT I'M TURNING INTO UNTIL IT'S DIRECTLY IN FRONT OF MY CAR, LIKE PEDESTRIANS. TO MAKE MATTERS WORSE, THE DEALERSHIP TOLD ME NOT TO USE LED BULBS, BECAUSE IT COULD CAUSE ELECTRICAL ISSUES WITH THE CAR.
NHTSA ODI #11183530
Mileage unknown · Mar 1, 2019
Seats
OUR CAR IS BRAND NEW. HOWEVER WE EXPERIENCED THAT BOTH FRONT DRIVER AND FRONT PASSENGER SEATS HAVE TERRIBLE BACK SUPPORT. MY WIFE AND I BOTH SUFFER BACK PAINS AFTER SEATING FOR MORE THAN 10 MINUTES IN THE FRONT SEAT.
NHTSA ODI #11183332
10 miles · Feb 28, 2019
Electrical SystemStructureUnknown Or OtherFire
I WAS DRIVING TO WORK AROUND 740AM ON 287 SOUTH JUST PAST RT 24. DASHBOARD HAS "4WD" WARNING AND SMOKE COMING OUT FROM HOOD. I QUICKLY MOVED TO THE SHOULDER AND FIRE BROKE OUT BEFORE CAR CAME TO FULL STOP, ALL WITHIN ONE MINUTE. I BARELY ESCAPE THE CAR AND CALLED POLICE AND FIRE DEPT. THEY CAME AND PUT OFF THE FIRE. THERE ARE TW…
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I WAS DRIVING TO WORK AROUND 740AM ON 287 SOUTH JUST PAST RT 24. DASHBOARD HAS "4WD" WARNING AND SMOKE COMING OUT FROM HOOD. I QUICKLY MOVED TO THE SHOULDER AND FIRE BROKE OUT BEFORE CAR CAME TO FULL STOP, ALL WITHIN ONE MINUTE. I BARELY ESCAPE THE CAR AND CALLED POLICE AND FIRE DEPT. THEY CAME AND PUT OFF THE FIRE. THERE ARE TWO EXPLOSIONS BEFORE THE FIRE WAS PUT OFF.
NHTSA ODI #11183106
25,000 miles · Feb 21, 2019
Electronic Stability Control (esc)Vehicle Speed Control
IF YOU DRIFT AWAY FROM ANOTHER VEHICLE OR OBSTACLE (PEDESTRIAN, BICYCLE, ETC) THAT IS ALSO DRIFTING INTO YOUR LANE, THE LDA SYSTEM (LANE DEPARTURE ASSIST, WHICH IS TOUTED AS A SAFETY FEATURE) WILL PULL YOU BACK TOWARDS THE OBSTACLE YOU ARE TRYING TO AVOID. CLEARLY THIS IS A SAFETY HAZARD AND SHOULD BE REMOVED AS A "FEATURE" FROM…
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IF YOU DRIFT AWAY FROM ANOTHER VEHICLE OR OBSTACLE (PEDESTRIAN, BICYCLE, ETC) THAT IS ALSO DRIFTING INTO YOUR LANE, THE LDA SYSTEM (LANE DEPARTURE ASSIST, WHICH IS TOUTED AS A SAFETY FEATURE) WILL PULL YOU BACK TOWARDS THE OBSTACLE YOU ARE TRYING TO AVOID. CLEARLY THIS IS A SAFETY HAZARD AND SHOULD BE REMOVED AS A "FEATURE" FROM THE VEHICLE. TOYOTA SHOULD ALSO STOP CALLING THIS A SAFETY FEATURE. SECONDLY, THE RADAR ASSISTED CRUISE CONTROL WILL START BRAKING IF IT SEES THE VEHICLE IN FRONT IS SLOWING DOWN. HOWEVER, IF THE SYSTEM THEN THINKS AN ACCIDENT IS IMMINENT, THE CRASH WARNING SHOWS UP AND THE CRUISE CONTROLLED BRAKING IS THEN DISABLED CAUSING THE VEHICLE TO STOP THE BRAKING PROCESS, AND THEREBY CAUSING A SAFETY HAZARD SINCE THE CAR WILL NOW COAST INTO THE OBSTACLE. AGAIN, THIS IS A SURPRISING AND TERRIBLE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS SYSTEM THAT SHOULD BE REMOVED OR FIXED.
NHTSA ODI #11181533
Official recalls
3Nov 1, 2023
Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2013-2018 RAV4 vehicles. Certain replacement 12-volt batteries may not fit properly in the battery tray, allowing the battery to move and contact the hold-down bracket, possibly causing a short circuit.
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: A battery short circuit increases the risk of a fire.
Remedy: Dealers will replace the battery clamp sub-assembly, battery tray, and positive terminal cover, free of charge. Owner letters were mailed December 27, 2024, to 2013-2014 RAV4 owners. Additional owner notification letters will be mailed in phases, phase 2 will begin on May 14, 2025, and phase 3 in late July 2025. Owners may contact Toyota's customer service at 1-800-331-4331. Toyota's numbers for this recall are 23TB13 and 23TA13.
Jun 28, 2019
Southeast Toyota Distributors, LLC (SET) is recalling certain 2017-2019 Toyota Camry, Corolla, Rav4, Sienna, and Yaris iA vehicles equipped with factory-installed floor mats. The load carrying capacity modification label may be incorrect. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims."
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: An incorrect label may lead to unintentionally overloading the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: SET will notify owners and provide a corrected label for placement over the inaccurate label, free of charge. The recall began August 23, 2019. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-888-270-9371. SET's number for this recall is SET19A.
Dec 20, 2017
Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing (Toyota) is recalling certain 2017-2018 Toyota 4Runner and Tundra, 2018 Toyota Highlander, RAV4 and Lexus GX460 and 2017 Toyota Sienna and Tacoma vehicles. These vehicles may have incorrect load carrying capacity modification labels. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims."
Consequence & remedy
Consequence: An incorrect load information label can result in the operator overloading the vehicle and increasing the risk of a crash.
Remedy: Toyota will notify owners and provide them with corrected labels, free of charge. The recall began on January 23, 2018. Owners may contact Toyota customer service at 1-800-331-4331. Toyota's numbers for this recall are H0Z for Toyota vehicles, and HLF for Lexus vehicles.
Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗
NHTSA investigations
1PE21005 · Battery Hold Down Bracket Thermal Events
Opened Feb 25, 2021 · Closed Aug 12, 2024
Status: closed (inferred from source dates) · Electrical SYSTEM:12V/24V/48V Battery
The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened a Preliminary Evaluation (PE) to understand the contributing factors and frequency of vehicle fires originating from the battery region of the engine compartment in Model Year (MY) 2013-2018 Toyota RAV4 vehicles on 25 February 2021. At the time of opening, ODI attributed eleven allegations and additional EWR events to this PE. PE21005 focused on replacement batteries installed in the subject vehicles. No reported fire event identified in PE21005 involved the originally supplied 12V battery. The reported fires took place in vehicles known to contain aftermarket batteries or whose age exceeded the expected life of the original equipment battery. ODI identified battery dimensioning as it relates to the battery retention system (hold down bracket, radiator support bolt, J-hook, and battery tray) as the main factor set in the contact between the battery hold down bracket contacting the positive terminal of the 12V battery. The subject vehicles carried over the same battery tray and retention system from the prior generation (MY2006 – MY2012) of RAV4 vehicles. However, the subject vehicles were equipped with a dimensionally smaller battery (Group 35) than the prior generation (Group 24F). The smaller- length measurement in the Group 35 battery size in a battery tray originally designed to fit a Group 24F battery contributed to increased potential for battery movement which was exacerbated by the diversity in aftermarket battery configuration and irregularities intrinsic to battery replacement procedures. Battery movement coupled with the proximity of the B+ terminal on the battery and the grounded electrically conductive hold down bracket set the stage for a short to ground leading to an engine stall (if in operation) followed by a vehicle fire. This investigation was not able to classify the installation status, battery size, or cause of every allegation due to the fire event causing damage to the area, inaccessible vehicle, modification to the battery retention system after the event, and/or inconclusive photographic evidence. Toyota's investigation of the issue identified aftermarket battery catalogs that listed an improper battery replacement size (Group 26R) that would nevertheless fit into the subject vehicles whose battery retention system is incapable of reliably restraining a Group 26R battery. On 18 November 2021, Toyota initiated a consumer advisory campaign (21TG01) to the subject vehicle owners, notifying them of the correct size battery and offering a free inspection of the battery and retention hardware, a caution label to affix to the hold down bracket, and a discounted replacement 12V battery. This investigation with Toyota established three broad categories to characterize the battery retention system state of a given vehicle: "correct", "minor mis-installation", and "major mis-installation". - The "correct" terminology references the front bolt, bracket, and J-hook installed in a position not in contact with the positive battery terminal and the front bolt torqued to 17 Nm and the J-hook engaged with the tray hole and torqued to 4.9 Nm. - A "minor mis-installation" would describe the three retention components installed in the prescribed location, however not to the correct torque values. - The "major mis-installation" condition would constitute a retention component missing or disconnected from the system. Toyota's own testing used five exemplar batteries installed on a subject vehicle in each battery categorization resulted in: - Contact between the B+ terminal and hold down bracket in "major mis-installations" - Movement of the battery in "minor mis-installations" - No observable motion in "correct" installations. ODI conducted its own evaluation of the Toyota- specified replacement battery and 5 aftermarket Group 35 batteries. The six batteries tested conformed to the Group 35 Battery Council International (BCI) standard on overall dimensional tolerance and terminal location. That standard does not define the edge shape or material of battery casing. Physical interaction between the hold down bracket and the battery case and the friction between the casing material and the battery tray resulted in a large variability in movement forces required to incite movement when the battery was installed in the "correct" condition. Resulting in movement at an induced lateral load between 0.6 G and 1.91 G equivalent force across each battery. This force is higher than a typical vehicle could exert in a steady state turn and would only experience loads through brief shock or impulses. Multiple shock or impulse loads across time would contribute to a delay between the replacement battery installation and the fire event. Likelihood of a fire event increases as the installation method degraded from the "correct", to "minor mis-installation", and then to "major mis-installation". Protruding vent caps atop some of the batteries tested aided in restricting battery movement relative to the hold down. An absence of vent caps permitted additional movement. Following several discussions and vehicle inspections with ODI during this investigation, on 01 November 2023, Toyota filed a safety recall (NHTSA 23V-734) of 1,853,568 MY 2013 through MY 2018 Toyota RAV4 vehicles to reduce the risk of a vehicle fire with redesigned battery retention components. To review the ODI reports cited in the Closing Resume ODI Report Identification Number document, go to NHTSA.gov.