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2016 Ford Mustang

Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations

More warning signs than most Mustang years

Owner complaints for the 2016 Ford Mustang are substantially higher than the model-year median of 81.

About this comparison →

When problems were reported

Mileage at the reported incident

204 reports with mileage · 171 unknown

NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.

What to inspect

Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.

  • Engine. Review the 75 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Electrical System. Review the 72 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Back Over Prevention. Review the 52 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

13 crash reports6 fire reports10 injury reports

What owners actually said

375 reports
20,000 miles · Oct 1, 2020
Electrical System

I SEE THE NEWS ABOUT THE NEW RECALL OF REAR-VIEW CAMERAS GOING BLANK AND NOT SHOWING IMAGES. THE NEW RECALL IS ONLY FOR 2020 MODELS BUT MY 2016 MODEL HAS HAD THE SAME ISSUE FOR THE LAST YEAR AND 1/2. I ONLY HAVE 20K MILES ON MY MUSTANG. REAR VIEW CAMERA WORKS SOMETIMES BUT OTHER TIMES IS BLANK AND MESSAGE ON SCREEN SAYS CAN'T DI…

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I SEE THE NEWS ABOUT THE NEW RECALL OF REAR-VIEW CAMERAS GOING BLANK AND NOT SHOWING IMAGES. THE NEW RECALL IS ONLY FOR 2020 MODELS BUT MY 2016 MODEL HAS HAD THE SAME ISSUE FOR THE LAST YEAR AND 1/2. I ONLY HAVE 20K MILES ON MY MUSTANG. REAR VIEW CAMERA WORKS SOMETIMES BUT OTHER TIMES IS BLANK AND MESSAGE ON SCREEN SAYS CAN'T DISPLAY IMAGE. OCCURS WHEN IN REVERSED WHILE BACKING UP.

NHTSA ODI #11362266

42,000 miles · Sep 28, 2020
Fuel/propulsion SystemSuspension

2016 FORD MUSTANG V6 CONVERTIBLE WITH 75,000 MILES. I WENT INTO THE GAS STATION FOR 3 MINUTES, CAME OUT AND CAR WOULD CRANK BUT NOT TURN OVER. CAR NEEDED TO BE TOWED TO AUTO MECHANIC. TURNS OUT THE FUEL PUMP WAS GARBAGE. THE CAR IS ONLY 4 YEARS OLD. RIDICULOUS. ALSO, AROUND 40,000 MILES, IT STARTED TO SOUND LIKE I WAS DRIVING A …

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2016 FORD MUSTANG V6 CONVERTIBLE WITH 75,000 MILES. I WENT INTO THE GAS STATION FOR 3 MINUTES, CAME OUT AND CAR WOULD CRANK BUT NOT TURN OVER. CAR NEEDED TO BE TOWED TO AUTO MECHANIC. TURNS OUT THE FUEL PUMP WAS GARBAGE. THE CAR IS ONLY 4 YEARS OLD. RIDICULOUS. ALSO, AROUND 40,000 MILES, IT STARTED TO SOUND LIKE I WAS DRIVING A COVERED WAGON, AS EVERY BUMP IN THE ROAD MADE THE CAR SOUND AS IF IT WAS GOING TO FALL APART. THE MECHANIC TELLS ME 3 OF THE 4 CONTROL ARMS (SUSPENSION) ARE COMPLETELY SHOT. AGAIN, RIDICULOUS. JUNK CAR. I'VE HAD DOZENS OF CARS AND MANY WITH WELL OVER 120,000 MILES AND NEVER ONCE HAVE I DEALT WITH A FUEL PUMP NOR CONTROL ARMS. AGAIN, THE CAR IS ONLY 4 YEARS OLD. ALL PARTS FOR THESE 2 FIXES HAVE BEEN ON BACK ORDER FOR A MONTH. I MUST NOT BE THE ONLY ONE DEALING WITH THESE 2 ISSUES. THIS NEEDS TO BE A RECALL!

NHTSA ODI #11361599

Mileage unknown · Sep 27, 2020
Unknown Or OtherVisibility/wiper

THIS MODEL HAS KNOWN ISSUES WITH THE A/C SYSTEM. A DEFECT IN THE EVAPORATOR CORE CAUSES POOR A/C PERFORMANCE, FOR WHICH THERE IS A POSTED TSB. I BELIEVE THERE IS POTENTIALLY A SAFETY ISSUE HERE WHICH WOULD WARRANT A RECALL. SINCE THE REFRIGERANT LEAKS INTO THE CABIN FROM THE EVAPORATOR CORE, THE WINDSCREEN FORMS A RESIDUE WHICH …

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THIS MODEL HAS KNOWN ISSUES WITH THE A/C SYSTEM. A DEFECT IN THE EVAPORATOR CORE CAUSES POOR A/C PERFORMANCE, FOR WHICH THERE IS A POSTED TSB. I BELIEVE THERE IS POTENTIALLY A SAFETY ISSUE HERE WHICH WOULD WARRANT A RECALL. SINCE THE REFRIGERANT LEAKS INTO THE CABIN FROM THE EVAPORATOR CORE, THE WINDSCREEN FORMS A RESIDUE WHICH OBSTRUCTS DRIVER VISIBILITY, ESPECIALLY WHEN THERE IS GLARE FROM THE SUN. DRIVER VISIBILITY IS A FACTOR IN THE PROBABILITY OF AUTOMOTIVE ACCIDENTS, THEREFORE THE COMMONLY DEFECTIVE A/C SYSTEM DIRECTLY IMPACTS THE SAFETY OF THIS MODEL. TO MAINTAIN PERFORMANCE OF THE A/C SYSTEM, IT MUST BE TOPPED OFF. BUT VISIBILITY SUFFERS AND THE WINDSCREEN MUST CONSTANTLY BE CLEANED. ANOTHER SAFETY ISSUE IS THAT REFRIGERANT THAT IS LEAKED IS CHRONICALLY INHALED BY OCCUPANTS OF THE VEHICLE. I'M NOT SURE ABOUT THE TOXICITY OF R134A, BUT I CAN'T IMAGINE THAT IT BELONGS IN PEOPLES LUNGS. IF IS IT DANGEROUS TO DO SO, THEN I MUST REITERATE, THE COMMONLY DEFECTIVE A/C SYSTEM DIRECTLY IMPACTS THE SAFETY OF THIS MODEL. I SINCERELY HOPE THAT THIS ISSUE GETS MORE ATTENTION AND A SOLUTION IS PROPOSED. THANK YOU AND BEST REGARDS. *TR

NHTSA ODI #11361330

Mileage unknown · Sep 9, 2020
Unknown Or Other

AIR CONDITIONING IS FAILING AFTER 60,000 MILES. SUSPECT IT IS THE ALREADY WELL DOCUMENTED EVAPORATOR CORE GOING BAD.

NHTSA ODI #11354003

41,000 miles · Aug 26, 2020
Engine

WATER PUMP LEAKED COOLANT REQUIRING REPLACEMENT.

NHTSA ODI #11351447

72,000 miles · Aug 21, 2020
Latches/locks/linkagesStructure

THE DRIVER SIDE DOOR UNLATCHES AND THE ALARM THAT THE DOOR IS OPEN COMES ON WHILE DRIVING 70 MILES PER HOUR ON THE FREEWAY.THIS HAS HAPPENED FOUR TIMES IN A 3 DAY SPAN WHILE TRAVELING ON A ROAD TRIP. I TOOK THE VEHICLE TO THE DEALER AND THEY WERE UNABLE TO DETERMINE THE PROBLEM AND FIX THE ISSUE.

NHTSA ODI #11350713

35,000 miles · Aug 17, 2020
Engine

AT APPROXIMATELY 61,000 MILES, THE ORIGINAL ENGINE STOPPED WORKING. CYLINDER #3 GAVE OUT. POSSIBLY A LSPI CONDITION. THE ENGINE WAS REPLACED UNDER CPO WARRANTY. MY NEW ENGINE HAS NOW GIVEN OUT AT 36,000 MILES. ON THE 1ST ENGINE, I CAME FROM FORD DEALER AFTER COMPLAINING OF CHECK ENGINE LIGHTS COMING ON. OIL WAS CHANGED, CODES…

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AT APPROXIMATELY 61,000 MILES, THE ORIGINAL ENGINE STOPPED WORKING. CYLINDER #3 GAVE OUT. POSSIBLY A LSPI CONDITION. THE ENGINE WAS REPLACED UNDER CPO WARRANTY. MY NEW ENGINE HAS NOW GIVEN OUT AT 36,000 MILES. ON THE 1ST ENGINE, I CAME FROM FORD DEALER AFTER COMPLAINING OF CHECK ENGINE LIGHTS COMING ON. OIL WAS CHANGED, CODES CLEARED. I DROVE APPROXIMATELY 4 CITY BLOCKS, ACCELERATED FROM A STOP LIGHT, AND THE ENGINE STARTED BLOWING WHITE SMOKE AND I PULLED IT OFF THE ROAD. THE ENGINE WAS DETERMINED TO HAVE TO BE FULLY REPLACED, AT 61,000 MILES, A LONG BLOCK, NOT A SHORT BLOCK. ON MY SECOND ENGINE, WHICH HAS APPROXIMATELY 35,000 MILES ON IT, I WAS DRIVING THE CAR AND AN ENGINE LIGHT CAME ON. THE CAR WAS DRIVABLE. AFTER PARKING IT, THE NEXT TIME I STARTED IT UP IT WAS BLOWING WHITE SMOKE AGAIN. I DIAGNOSES AT THE DEALER IS UNDERWAY.

NHTSA ODI #11349903

80,000 miles · Aug 14, 2020
Latches/locks/linkagesStructure

WHILE DRIVING ON THE HIGHWAY, THE DOORS WILL POP OPEN. THIS HAS HAPPENED A NUMBER OF TIMES RANDOMLY. SEEMS THE DRIVERS DOOR POPS OPEN THEN A SHORT TIME LATER THE PASSENGER DOOR POPS OPEN. THE TIMES IT HAS HAPPENED HAVE BEEN A COUPLE HOURS INTO A TRIP AT HIGHWAY SPEED ON RELATIVELY FLAT SURFACES.

NHTSA ODI #11349196

65,000 miles · Aug 12, 2020
Steering

THE STEERING IN MY 2016 FORD MUSTANG ECO BOOST WOULD BIND AT THE 11 O'CLOCK POSITION AND WOULD TAKE MUCH FORCE TO RETURN TO THE 12 O'CLOCK POSITION.THIS HAPPENED WHILE DRIVING AND WHILE SITTING STILL. I RETURNED THE CAR TO FORD FOR SERVICE, WHO TOLD ME I HAVE A DEFECTIVE "STEERING GEAR" AND REPLACE THE STEERING GEAR FOR $3,000.0…

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THE STEERING IN MY 2016 FORD MUSTANG ECO BOOST WOULD BIND AT THE 11 O'CLOCK POSITION AND WOULD TAKE MUCH FORCE TO RETURN TO THE 12 O'CLOCK POSITION.THIS HAPPENED WHILE DRIVING AND WHILE SITTING STILL. I RETURNED THE CAR TO FORD FOR SERVICE, WHO TOLD ME I HAVE A DEFECTIVE "STEERING GEAR" AND REPLACE THE STEERING GEAR FOR $3,000.00.

NHTSA ODI #11348903

86,000 miles · Jul 27, 2020
Unknown Or Other

I HAVE A 2016 MUSTANG CONVERTIBLE ECO-BOOST WHICH IS JUST RECENTLY STARTED HAVING A PROBLEM WITH MY PASSENGER DOOR OPENING WHILE GOING DOWN THE HIGHWAY. THE FIRST INSTANCE HAPPENED A COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO AND THE LAST ONE HAPPENED LAST WEEK ON JULY 22, 2020. THE SENSOR SYSTEM IN MY CAR DID ALERT US THAT THE DOOR WAS OPEN. I HAVE…

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I HAVE A 2016 MUSTANG CONVERTIBLE ECO-BOOST WHICH IS JUST RECENTLY STARTED HAVING A PROBLEM WITH MY PASSENGER DOOR OPENING WHILE GOING DOWN THE HIGHWAY. THE FIRST INSTANCE HAPPENED A COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO AND THE LAST ONE HAPPENED LAST WEEK ON JULY 22, 2020. THE SENSOR SYSTEM IN MY CAR DID ALERT US THAT THE DOOR WAS OPEN. I HAVE READ ON THE NEWS THAT THE MUSTANGS ARE BEING RECALLED FOR THIS PROBLEM BUT WHEN I CHECKED MY VIN I SEE NO RECALLS ON MY VEHICLE. CAN YOU PLEASE TELL ME HOW I CAN GET THEIRS REPAIRED UNDER A RECALL SINCE IT IS HAPPENING TO MY VEHICLE. PLEASE CONTACT ME IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS. IN THE FIRST INSTANCE WE WERE COMING TO AN INTERSECTION AND WAS SLOWING DOWN FOR THE STOP LIGHT. THE SECOND INSTANCE WE WERE GOING DOWN THE INTERSTATE AT 65 MPH. WE HAD TO GO INTO THE BREAKDOWN LANE TO SHUT THE DOOR. IN THE FIRST INSTANCE WE HAD THE TOP DOWN AND IN THE SECOND INSTANCE WE HAD THE TOP UP AND THE WINDOWS ROLLED UP.

NHTSA ODI #11341624

Official recalls

5

25V614000 · Seat Belts:pretensioner

Sep 12, 2025

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2015-2017 Mustang vehicles. Water and road salt may corrode the front seat belt anchor pretensioner cables.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: A corroded cable can break, preventing the seat belt from properly restraining an occupant, and increasing the risk of injury during a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and replace both front seat belt anchor pretensioner assemblies, as necessary. In addition, dealers will remove sections of the carpet and underlayment that contact the cables. Dealers will also inspect the A-pillar sealing patches, and as necessary, install A-pillar body plugs, and/or inspect and replace the front outboard seat bolts. Repairs will be performed free of charge. Interim letters, notifying owners of the safety risk, were mailed October 20, 2025. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available, anticipated December 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S92. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov September 17, 2025.

25V572000 · Back Over Prevention: Sensing System: Camera

Sep 3, 2025

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2015-2019 Lincoln MKC, Mustang, F-350 SD, F-250 SD, F-450 SD, 2015-2017 Lincoln Navigator, Expedition, 2015-2018 Edge, Transit Connect, 2016-2019 F-550 SD, Transit, 2017-2019 Econoline, and 2019 Ranger vehicles. The rearview camera may display a distorted, inverted, or blank image when the vehicle is in reverse.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: A rearview camera that displays an inverted, distorted, or blank image can reduce the driver’s view behind the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and replace the rearview camera as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed January 13, 2026. Ford owners will receive letters in phases, beginning January 2026 and June 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25S89. This recall expands previous NHTSA recall number 25V270. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall will be searchable on NHTSA.gov beginning September 8, 2025.

22V082000 · Back Over Prevention: Sensing System: Camera

Feb 16, 2022

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2015-2017 Mustang vehicles. The rearview camera wiring may be loose or damaged, which can result in a blank or distorted image.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: A rearview camera that displays a blank or distorted image can reduce the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy: Dealers will inspect and repair the decklid wiring harness and/or replace the rearview camera, as necessary, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed December 23, 2022 and June 26, 2023. Remedy parts are expected to become available in the 4th Quarter of 2022. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 22S06.

16V779000 · Engine And Engine Cooling:cooling System:hoses/lines/piping/fittings

Oct 26, 2016

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2015-2017 Mustang vehicles manufactured February 24, 2015, to August 30, 2016. A hose may separate from the engine oil cooler tube assembly causing an oil leak.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: A sudden loss of engine oil may cause engine failure, increasing the risk of a crash. Additionally, an oil leak, in the presence of an ignition source, increases the risk of a fire.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the engine oil cooler tube assembly, free of charge. The recall began on March 23, 2017. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 16S40.

15V707000 · Child Seat:tether: Connector/clip; Seat Belts

Oct 26, 2015

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2016 Ford Mustang vehicles manufactured September 26, 2015, to October 1, 2015. The front and rear seat belts and child seat tether anchors may have been damaged in shipping from the supplier to the vehicle assembly plant and may not adequately restrain the occupant in a crash. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers 208, "Occupant Crash Protection," and 225, "Child restraint anchorage systems."

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the restraint components do not function as intended, the occupants may not be properly restrained in the event of a crash, increasing their risk of injury.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the front and rear seat belt assemblies and the child seat tether anchors, free of charge. The recall began on December 18, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15C13.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Child Seat:tether: Connector/clip

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2016 Ford Mustang vehicles manufactured September 26, 2015, to October 1, 2015. The front and rear seat belts and child seat tether anchors may have been damaged in shipping from the supplier to the vehicle assembly plant and may not adequately restrain the occupant in a crash. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers 208, "Occupant Crash Protection," and 225, "Child restraint anchorage systems."

Consequence: If the restraint components do not function as intended, the occupants may not be properly restrained in the event of a crash, increasing their risk of injury.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the front and rear seat belt assemblies and the child seat tether anchors, free of charge. The recall began on December 18, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15C13.

Seat Belts

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain model year 2016 Ford Mustang vehicles manufactured September 26, 2015, to October 1, 2015. The front and rear seat belts and child seat tether anchors may have been damaged in shipping from the supplier to the vehicle assembly plant and may not adequately restrain the occupant in a crash. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard numbers 208, "Occupant Crash Protection," and 225, "Child restraint anchorage systems."

Consequence: If the restraint components do not function as intended, the occupants may not be properly restrained in the event of a crash, increasing their risk of injury.

Remedy: Ford will notify owners, and dealers will replace the front and rear seat belt assemblies and the child seat tether anchors, free of charge. The recall began on December 18, 2015. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 15C13.

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

1

EA21002 · Desiccated Air Bag Inflator Rupture

Opened Sep 17, 2021 · No close date supplied

Status: open (inferred from source dates) · Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module; Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Air Bags:frontal:driver Side:inflator Module

From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.

Air Bags:frontal:passenger Side:inflator Module

From 2000 through 2017, Takata produced millions of air bag inflators using two types of phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate ("PSAN") propellant -- propellant 2004 and propellant 2004L. After prolonged exposure to high temperature cycles and humidity, inflators using propellant 2004 can degrade, causing the propellant to burn too quickly when ignited. The rapid burning can cause the inflator to rupture during deployment, potentially causing serious or even fatal injury to vehicle occupants. See 2016 Blomquist Report at www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/expert_report-hrblomquist.pdf.Consequently, all frontal inflators using propellant 2004 that do not contain a "desiccant" (a substance that traps and holds moisture) in US vehicles are under recall. These "non-desiccated" inflators either have been or are required to be replaced.In some cases, the remedy part for these recalled inflators was, or will be, an inflator using either propellant 2004 or 2004L that does contain a desiccant. None of these "desiccated" remedy parts (which were installed in older model year vehicles) are currently under recall for a degradation concern. Certain subsets of desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004 for use as original equipment, however, have been recalled for a degradation concern. All Takata inflators produced with propellant 2004L contain desiccant, and none of these desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L are under recall for a degradation concern. There have been no reported field ruptures in any non-recalled desiccated PSAN inflators.It is understood that desiccants fully saturate at some threshold, at which point any additional moisture will not be captured. This means the degradation process observed in non-desiccated inflators using propellant 2004 may also occur in non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004, assuming additional moisture enters the inflator and high temperature cycling occurs. Based on available information, desiccant saturation can occur within the first five years in the worst environments, and the time required for full saturation is affected by multiple factors. While no present safety risk has been identified, further work is needed to evaluate the future risk of non-recalled desiccated inflators using propellant 2004.Three entities -- Takata (now known as TK Global), the Independent Testing Coalition, and Exponent -- have been studying the long-term behavior of Takata desiccated PSAN inflators using propellant 2004L (as well as 2004) in the presence of moisture and temperature cycling. The research efforts, which include development of predictive modeling techniques and field sample analysis, are ongoing. To date, none of the researchers have identified field evidence showing that propellant 2004L is undergoing a degradation process that leads to aggressive deployment and potential rupture. However, the time in service of such inflators remains short compared to that of the inflators using propellant 2004. Further study is needed to assess the long-term safety of desiccated inflators using propellant 2004L.The Office of Defects Investigation is opening this investigation to examine whether a safety defect related to propellant degradation exists in non-recalled desiccated PSAN frontal inflators manufactured by Takata. This investigation will require extensive information on Takata production processes and surveys of inflators in the field. Lists of recall actions that may have used desiccated PSAN inflators as remedy parts, as well as the makes and models originally manufactured with them, is available with the downloadable version of this document (see nhtsa.gov/recalls?nhtsaId=EA21002 -- note this information is subject to change/revision as the investigation proceeds). This investigation does not supersede EA15-001, which remains open.