← New search

2011 Chevrolet Hhr

Owner reports · Recalls · Investigations

Fewer warning signs than most model years

Owner complaints for the 2011 Chevrolet Hhr are lower than the model-year median of 565.5.

About this comparison →

When problems were reported

Mileage at the reported incident

144 reports with mileage · 59 unknown

NHTSA’s mileage field refers to the reported incident, not necessarily the filing date. This shows report counts, not the likelihood of a failure.

What to inspect

Issues worth paying extra attention to based on owner reports.

  • Fuel/propulsion System. Review the 43 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Electrical System. Review the 39 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →
  • Air Bags. Review the 30 owner reports in this category and discuss these concerns during a pre-purchase inspection. Read reports →

NHTSA owner reports · September 18, 2026 snapshot.

13 crash reports3 fire reports12 injury reports

Electrical System complaints

39 reports
Clear category filter
20,000 miles · Sep 16, 2016
Electrical SystemElectronic Stability Control (esc)Structure

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT WAS EXPERIENCING MULTIPLE FAILURES WITH THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS PREVIOUSLY REPAIRED PER A RECALL FOR THE IGNITION SWITCH; HOWEVER, THE REPAIR WAS INSUFFICIENT. AT TIMES, EVEN WITH THE KEY IN THE OFF POSITION, THE VEHICLE WOULD NOT SHUT OFF. THE BATTERY WOULD HAVE TO BE …

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT WAS EXPERIENCING MULTIPLE FAILURES WITH THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS PREVIOUSLY REPAIRED PER A RECALL FOR THE IGNITION SWITCH; HOWEVER, THE REPAIR WAS INSUFFICIENT. AT TIMES, EVEN WITH THE KEY IN THE OFF POSITION, THE VEHICLE WOULD NOT SHUT OFF. THE BATTERY WOULD HAVE TO BE DISCONNECTED TO TURN OFF THE VEHICLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE KEY DID NOT REMAIN IN THE IGNITION AND HE FELT UNSAFE DRIVING THE VEHICLE. IN ADDITION, THE DRIVER SIDE DOOR HANDLE WAS NOT WORKING PROPERLY AND WAS REPLACED TWICE BY THE DEALER. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE ESC (ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL) INDICATOR ILLUMINATED SHORTLY AFTER PURCHASING THE VEHICLE. EACH TIME THE ESC INDICATOR ILLUMINATED, THE VEHICLE DRASTICALLY REDUCED IN SPEED. THE DEALER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT DIAGNOSED OR REPAIRED. THE NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER WAS UNKNOWN. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 20,000.

NHTSA ODI #10907257

10,000 miles · Jun 10, 2016
Electrical SystemService Brakes

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE KEY FOB FAILED TO OPEN THE FRONT DRIVER SIDE DOOR. IN ADDITION, WHILE DRIVING 50 MPH, THE VEHICLE MADE AN ABNORMAL NOISE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO THE DEALER WHERE THE BATTERY WAS REPLACED. THE CONTACT WAS INFORMED THAT THE REAR BRAKES AND DRUMS ALSO NEEDED T…

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE KEY FOB FAILED TO OPEN THE FRONT DRIVER SIDE DOOR. IN ADDITION, WHILE DRIVING 50 MPH, THE VEHICLE MADE AN ABNORMAL NOISE. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO THE DEALER WHERE THE BATTERY WAS REPLACED. THE CONTACT WAS INFORMED THAT THE REAR BRAKES AND DRUMS ALSO NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED AND THE FAILURE RECURRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 10,000. UPDATED 08/02/16*LJ *CN

NHTSA ODI #10873628

73,818 miles · May 11, 2016
Air BagsElectrical System

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE CHECK AIR BAG WARNING LIGHT WAS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO BE DIAGNOSED BY THE DEALER. THE CONTACT WAS INFORMED THAT THE FRONT DRIVER AND PASSENGER SIDE AIR BAGS NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT INCLUDED IN N…

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE CHECK AIR BAG WARNING LIGHT WAS ILLUMINATED. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO BE DIAGNOSED BY THE DEALER. THE CONTACT WAS INFORMED THAT THE FRONT DRIVER AND PASSENGER SIDE AIR BAGS NEEDED TO BE REPLACED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT INCLUDED IN NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER: 14V047000 (AIR BAGS, ELECTRICAL SYSTEM). THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 73,818.

NHTSA ODI #10864386

Mileage unknown · Mar 31, 2016
Air BagsElectrical SystemEngine

IGNITION RECALL , THE SWITCH HAS BEEN REPLACED TWICE . I AM STILL HAVING ISSUES WHEN LEAVING KEY IN IGNITION IN THE OFF POSITION , ALL DASH LIGHTS FLASH AND A LOT OF CLICKING NOISE AND WILL ALL LOCK DOORS . THE SERVICE AIR BAG LIGHT WILL COME ON , WHEN YOU TURN IT OFF AND RESTART CAR IT GOES OUT . I TOOK IT TO THE DEALERSHIP AND…

Read full complaint

IGNITION RECALL , THE SWITCH HAS BEEN REPLACED TWICE . I AM STILL HAVING ISSUES WHEN LEAVING KEY IN IGNITION IN THE OFF POSITION , ALL DASH LIGHTS FLASH AND A LOT OF CLICKING NOISE AND WILL ALL LOCK DOORS . THE SERVICE AIR BAG LIGHT WILL COME ON , WHEN YOU TURN IT OFF AND RESTART CAR IT GOES OUT . I TOOK IT TO THE DEALERSHIP AND WAS TOLD THAT THEY COULD NOT FIND THE SWITCH DEFECTIVE AND THEY WOULD NOT REPLACE IT , OR CHECK INTO THE MATTER WITH OUT CHARGING ME A SERVICE FEE OF SEVERAL HUNDRED DOLLARS . I TRAVEL LONG DISTANCES , AND CONCERNED ABOUT MY SAFETY , AND OTHER THAT COULD BE INVOLVED IN AN ACCIDENT .

NHTSA ODI #10852734

Mileage unknown · Nov 14, 2015
Electrical SystemUnknown Or Other

IN COLDER TEMPERATURES MY CAR SPUTTERS WHEN ACCELERATING AND RPMS JUMP QUICKLY FROM 2 TO 3 AND THEN BACK DOWN. IN ADDITION, THE RADIO MAY TURN OFF, ALL DASH GAUGES (FUEL, SPEED, RPMS) GO TO 0, VARIOUS SERVICE LIGHTS COME ON (NOT ALWAYS THE SAME) AND THEN EVERYTHING GOES BACK TO NORMAL. CAR WORKS FINE IN WARMER TEMPERATURES. T…

Read full complaint

IN COLDER TEMPERATURES MY CAR SPUTTERS WHEN ACCELERATING AND RPMS JUMP QUICKLY FROM 2 TO 3 AND THEN BACK DOWN. IN ADDITION, THE RADIO MAY TURN OFF, ALL DASH GAUGES (FUEL, SPEED, RPMS) GO TO 0, VARIOUS SERVICE LIGHTS COME ON (NOT ALWAYS THE SAME) AND THEN EVERYTHING GOES BACK TO NORMAL. CAR WORKS FINE IN WARMER TEMPERATURES. TOOK IT TO THE DEALERSHIP IN 2013 AND WHEN PLUGGED IN THERE WERE REPORTS IF 20 THINGS WRONG AND THEY WERE UNABLE TO DETERMINE THE PROBLEM AND SAID IT WOULD COST THOUSAND TO CHECK ALL OF THE ISSUES BEING REPORTED. I CONTACTED GM CUSTOMER SERVICE AND ALTHOUGH THEY WERE VERY NICE THEY WEREN'T ABLE TO HELP DETERMINE WHAT THE ISSUE WITH MY VEHICLE WAS. I TOOK IT TO ANOTHER SERVICE PLACE AND WHILE THEY WERE UNABLE TO DETERMINE THE ULTIMATE PROBLEM THEY PUT DIELECTRIC GREASE ON ALL MY ELECTRONIC CONNECTIONS IN THE FUSE BOX UNDER THE HOOD AND IT WORKED FINE THE REST IF THE WINTER. THEY SAID IT WAS A GOOD THING THAT I CAME IN WHEN I DID BECAUSE THEY THOUGHT IF I DROVE IT ANY LONGER I WOULD HAVE DESTROYED THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. IN 2014, I HAD THEM DO THE SAME "FIX". NOW IN 2015 IT HAS STARTED BACK UP AGAIN.

NHTSA ODI #10790379

65,000 miles · Oct 8, 2015
Electrical SystemTraction Control SystemVehicle Speed Control

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. WHILE DRIVING APPROXIMATELY 50 MPH, THE CONTACT HEARD AN ABNORMAL NOISE AND THE SERVICE TRACTION AND SERVICE ESC WARNING LIGHTS FLASHED RANDOMLY. THE VEHICLE SUDDENLY REDUCED SPEED AND HESITATED AS IF IT WOULD STALL. THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL DID NOT RESPOND EACH TIME THE FAILURE RECURRED A…

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. WHILE DRIVING APPROXIMATELY 50 MPH, THE CONTACT HEARD AN ABNORMAL NOISE AND THE SERVICE TRACTION AND SERVICE ESC WARNING LIGHTS FLASHED RANDOMLY. THE VEHICLE SUDDENLY REDUCED SPEED AND HESITATED AS IF IT WOULD STALL. THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL DID NOT RESPOND EACH TIME THE FAILURE RECURRED AND THE VEHICLE JERKED VIOLENTLY AND REDUCED SPEED. THE VEHICLE WAS TAKEN TO THE DEALER MORE THAN ONCE AND THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO REPLICATE AND DIAGNOSE THE FAILURE. THE DEALER TEST DROVE THE VEHICLE AND FOUND NO FAILURES. UPON TURNING OFF AND RESTARTING THE VEHICLE, THE COMPUTER RESET AND THE WARNING LIGHTS DIMMED, BUT THE FAILURE RECURRED. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED AND PROVIDED NO REMEDY. THE APPROXIMATE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 65,000.

NHTSA ODI #10780873

Mileage unknown · Aug 24, 2015
Electrical System

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT RECEIVED NOTIFICATION OF NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER: 14V047000 (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM); HOWEVER, THE PART NEEDED TO DO THE REPAIR WAS UNAVAILABLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE MANUFACTURER EXCEEDED A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF TIME FOR THE RECALL REPAIR. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE…

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT RECEIVED NOTIFICATION OF NHTSA CAMPAIGN NUMBER: 14V047000 (ELECTRICAL SYSTEM); HOWEVER, THE PART NEEDED TO DO THE REPAIR WAS UNAVAILABLE. THE CONTACT STATED THAT THE MANUFACTURER EXCEEDED A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF TIME FOR THE RECALL REPAIR. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE CONTACT HAD NOT EXPERIENCED A FAILURE. THE VIN WAS NOT AVAILABLE.

NHTSA ODI #10758855

132,000 miles · Jun 19, 2015
Electrical SystemEngineInjury

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT NOTICED A LEAK OF HOT AIR/LIQUID UNDER THE DASHBOARD COMING FROM THE FRONT AND REAR OF THE VEHICLE. THE CONTACT WAS BURNED FROM THE HOT WATER LEAKAGE. THE CONTACT ALSO STATED THAT THE VEHICLE MADE AN ABNORMAL SWOOSH NOISE WHEN MAKING TURNS, WHICH CREATED A HOT MIST INSIDE TH…

Read full complaint

TL* THE CONTACT OWNS A 2011 CHEVROLET HHR. THE CONTACT NOTICED A LEAK OF HOT AIR/LIQUID UNDER THE DASHBOARD COMING FROM THE FRONT AND REAR OF THE VEHICLE. THE CONTACT WAS BURNED FROM THE HOT WATER LEAKAGE. THE CONTACT ALSO STATED THAT THE VEHICLE MADE AN ABNORMAL SWOOSH NOISE WHEN MAKING TURNS, WHICH CREATED A HOT MIST INSIDE THE VEHICLE. THE VEHICLE WAS NOT DIAGNOSED OR REPAIRED. THE MANUFACTURER WAS NOT NOTIFIED OF THE FAILURE. THE FAILURE MILEAGE WAS 132,000.

NHTSA ODI #10726227

Mileage unknown · Jun 15, 2015
Electrical SystemCrashInjury

2011 CHEVROLET HHR. CONSUMER WRITES IN REGARDS TO VEHICLE FAULTY IGNITION SWITCH PROBLEMS. *SMD THE CONSUMER STATED ON JANUARY 8, 2013, AS HE BACKED OUT OF THE DRIVEWAY, HE HIT A POT HOLE IN THE ALLEY AND THE IGNITION SWITCH TURNED OFF. HE HIS SOME HEDGES AND A SNOW BANK AND PUT A DENT IN THE REAR BUMPER. THE CONSUMER STATED…

Read full complaint

2011 CHEVROLET HHR. CONSUMER WRITES IN REGARDS TO VEHICLE FAULTY IGNITION SWITCH PROBLEMS. *SMD THE CONSUMER STATED ON JANUARY 8, 2013, AS HE BACKED OUT OF THE DRIVEWAY, HE HIT A POT HOLE IN THE ALLEY AND THE IGNITION SWITCH TURNED OFF. HE HIS SOME HEDGES AND A SNOW BANK AND PUT A DENT IN THE REAR BUMPER. THE CONSUMER STATED THE NEXT DAY, HIS BACK, LEGS AND FEET WERE NUMB. *JB UPDATED 8/21/15*CN UPDATED 10/20/2017*CN

NHTSA ODI #10725009

36,000 miles · May 26, 2015
Electrical System

I WILL BE GOING DOWN THE ROAD AND THE HEAD LIGHTS AND DASH LIGHTS WILL GO OUT BEEN IN THE SHOP 10 TIMES TOTAL STILL CANT FIX

NHTSA ODI #10721442

Official recalls

2

14V171000 · Electrical System:ignition

Apr 10, 2014

General Motors LLC (GM) is recalling certain model year 2005-2010 Chevrolet Cobalt, 2006-2011 Chevrolet HHR, 2007-2010 Pontiac G5, 2006-2010 Pontiac Solstice, 2003-2007 Saturn Ion, and 2007-2010 Saturn Sky vehicles. In the affected vehicles, the key can be removed from the ignition when the ignition is not in the "Off" position.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the key can be removed from the ignition when the ignition is not in the "off" position, the vehicle could roll away: (a) for an automatic transmission, if the transmission is not in the "Park" position; or (b) for a manual transmission, if the parking brake is not engaged and the transmission is not in the "Reverse" position. This potential for rollaway increases the risk for a crash and occupant or pedestrian injuries.

Remedy: General Motors will notify owners, and for vehicles that were built with the defective ignition cylinder and have not previously had the ignition cylinder replaced with the redesigned part, dealers will replace the ignition cylinder and cut and, if necessary, re-learn two ignition/door keys for each vehicle. For vehicles that were built with the redesigned ignition cylinder or had the ignition cylinder replaced with the redesigned part, dealers will cut and, if necessary, re-learn two ignition/door keys for each vehicle. The recall began on April 18, 2014. Chevrolet owners may contact General Motors at 1-800-222-1020, Pontiac owners at 1-800-762-2737, and Saturn owners at 1-800-553-6000. General Motors' number for this recall is 14113 for the ignition lock cylinder and key replacement, and 14133 for only key replacements. Note: Until a vehicle has been remedied, owners and operators are advised that when exiting, to be sure that the vehicle is in "Park," or in the case of a manual transmission, that the vehicle is in the "Reverse" position and the parking brake is engaged.

14V047000 · Air Bags; Electrical System:ignition:switch

Feb 10, 2014

This defect can affect the safe operation of the airbag system. Until this recall is performed, customers should remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the ignition key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. General Motors LLC (GM) notified the agency on February 10, 2014 that they are recalling 619,122 model year 2005-2007 Chevrolet Cobalt, and 2007 Pontiac G5 vehicles. On February 25, 2014, GM increased the recall to include an additional 748,024 model year 2006-2007 Chevrolet HHR and Pontiac Solstice vehicles and 2003-2007 Saturn Ion vehicles and 2007 Saturn Sky vehicles. In these models, the weight on the key ring and/or road conditions or some other jarring event may cause the ignition switch to move out of the run position, turning off the engine. On March 27, 2014, GM notified the agency that the defective ignition switches may have been used as service replacement parts on other vehicles, and as a result GM will be recalling certain model year 2008-2010 Chevrolet Cobalt, Saturn Sky, and Pontiac G5 and Solstice, and 2008-2011 Chevrolet HHR vehicles. The part numbers for the service parts are 10392423 (a/k/a ACDelco D1461F), 10392737, 15857948, 15854953, 15896640, and 25846762. This expansion represents an additional 823,788 vehicles.

Consequence & remedy

Consequence: If the key is not in the run position, the air bags may not deploy if the vehicle is involved in a crash, increasing the risk of injury.

Remedy: GM will notify owners, and dealers will replace the ignition switch, free of charge. An interim notification was issued to owners of 2007 and earlier models on March 10, 2014, informing them of the safety defect. Owners of 2008 and later vehicles will be mailed an interim letter on April 21, 2014. All affected owners will receive another letter once parts are available. The recall began on April 18, 2014. Owners may contact Chevrolet at 1-800-222-1020, Pontiac at 1-800-762-2737 or Saturn at 1-800-553-6000. GM's number for the initial recall is 13454 and 14063 for the expansion. GM’s recall number for the vehicles that may have received the replacement parts is 14092. Note: Until the recall repairs have been performed, it is very important that customers remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the vehicle key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. Always wear your seatbelt.

Additional source detail variants (2)

Air Bags

This defect can affect the safe operation of the airbag system. Until this recall is performed, customers should remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the ignition key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. General Motors LLC (GM) notified the agency on February 10, 2014 that they are recalling 619,122 model year 2005-2007 Chevrolet Cobalt, and 2007 Pontiac G5 vehicles. On February 25, 2014, GM increased the recall to include an additional 748,024 model year 2006-2007 Chevrolet HHR and Pontiac Solstice vehicles and 2003-2007 Saturn Ion vehicles and 2007 Saturn Sky vehicles. In these models, the weight on the key ring and/or road conditions or some other jarring event may cause the ignition switch to move out of the run position, turning off the engine. On March 27, 2014, GM notified the agency that the defective ignition switches may have been used as service replacement parts on other vehicles, and as a result GM will be recalling certain model year 2008-2010 Chevrolet Cobalt, Saturn Sky, and Pontiac G5 and Solstice, and 2008-2011 Chevrolet HHR vehicles. The part numbers for the service parts are 10392423 (a/k/a ACDelco D1461F), 10392737, 15857948, 15854953, 15896640, and 25846762. This expansion represents an additional 823,788 vehicles.

Consequence: If the key is not in the run position, the air bags may not deploy if the vehicle is involved in a crash, increasing the risk of injury.

Remedy: GM will notify owners, and dealers will replace the ignition switch, free of charge. An interim notification was issued to owners of 2007 and earlier models on March 10, 2014, informing them of the safety defect. Owners of 2008 and later vehicles will be mailed an interim letter on April 21, 2014. All affected owners will receive another letter once parts are available. The recall began on April 18, 2014. Owners may contact Chevrolet at 1-800-222-1020, Pontiac at 1-800-762-2737 or Saturn at 1-800-553-6000. GM's number for the initial recall is 13454 and 14063 for the expansion. GM’s recall number for the vehicles that may have received the replacement parts is 14092. Note: Until the recall repairs have been performed, it is very important that customers remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the vehicle key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. Always wear your seatbelt.

Electrical System:ignition:switch

This defect can affect the safe operation of the airbag system. Until this recall is performed, customers should remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the ignition key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. General Motors LLC (GM) notified the agency on February 10, 2014 that they are recalling 619,122 model year 2005-2007 Chevrolet Cobalt, and 2007 Pontiac G5 vehicles. On February 25, 2014, GM increased the recall to include an additional 748,024 model year 2006-2007 Chevrolet HHR and Pontiac Solstice vehicles and 2003-2007 Saturn Ion vehicles and 2007 Saturn Sky vehicles. In these models, the weight on the key ring and/or road conditions or some other jarring event may cause the ignition switch to move out of the run position, turning off the engine. On March 27, 2014, GM notified the agency that the defective ignition switches may have been used as service replacement parts on other vehicles, and as a result GM will be recalling certain model year 2008-2010 Chevrolet Cobalt, Saturn Sky, and Pontiac G5 and Solstice, and 2008-2011 Chevrolet HHR vehicles. The part numbers for the service parts are 10392423 (a/k/a ACDelco D1461F), 10392737, 15857948, 15854953, 15896640, and 25846762. This expansion represents an additional 823,788 vehicles.

Consequence: If the key is not in the run position, the air bags may not deploy if the vehicle is involved in a crash, increasing the risk of injury.

Remedy: GM will notify owners, and dealers will replace the ignition switch, free of charge. An interim notification was issued to owners of 2007 and earlier models on March 10, 2014, informing them of the safety defect. Owners of 2008 and later vehicles will be mailed an interim letter on April 21, 2014. All affected owners will receive another letter once parts are available. The recall began on April 18, 2014. Owners may contact Chevrolet at 1-800-222-1020, Pontiac at 1-800-762-2737 or Saturn at 1-800-553-6000. GM's number for the initial recall is 13454 and 14063 for the expansion. GM’s recall number for the vehicles that may have received the replacement parts is 14092. Note: Until the recall repairs have been performed, it is very important that customers remove all items from their key rings, leaving only the vehicle key. The key fob (if applicable), should also be removed from the key ring. Always wear your seatbelt.

Model-level recall history does not show whether a particular VIN is affected or has received a repair. Check a VIN with NHTSA ↗

NHTSA investigations

0

No exact-year investigations in this snapshot.